SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi / 2026 / Volume: 9 Issue: 3

In vitro Micropropagation and Flowering of the Endemic Plant Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller ssp. praealta (Boiss.) Davis

Endemik Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller ssp. praealta (Boiss.) Davis Bitkisinin In vitro Mikroçoğaltımı ve Çiçeklenmesi

Esra Bulunuz Palaz(KAHRAMANMARAŞ DOĞU AKDENİZ GEÇİT KUŞAĞI TARIMSAL ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ)0000-0001-7795-496X
Selay Doğan(EGE TARIMSAL ARAŞTIRMA ENSTİTÜSÜ MüDÜRLÜĞÜ)0000-0003-0589-3963
Gülat Çağlar(KAHRAMANMARAS SUTCU IMAM UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-8444-1230
Pages
—
Publication Date
2022-07-23
DOI
—
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Considering both the shoot length and the number of shoots of in vitro propagation of Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller ssp. praealta (Boiss.) Davis plants, it was concluded that the best results (32.6 shoots per explant) for obtaining plantlets could be achieved by adding 0.2 mg l-1 TDZ into the ½ MS medium.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Linaria known as “nevruz otu” has a wide natural distribution area in Anatolia.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Plant growth regulators TDZ and BAP were added into ½ MS medium alone or in combination with GA3 to improve shoot propagation.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Considering both the shoot length and the number of shoots of in vitro propagation of Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller ssp. praealta (Boiss.) Davis plants, it was concluded that the best results (32.6 shoots per explant) for obtaining plantlets could be achieved by adding 0.2 mg l-1 TDZ into the ½ MS medium.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Linaria genistifolia · in vitro propagation · endemic plant

Abstract

Linaria known as “nevruz otu” has a wide natural distribution area in Anatolia. The Linaria plant, which has been widely used in folk medicine in Anatolia for many years, has the potential to be used as an ornamental plant. Biotechnological methods are valuable tools in the mass propagation of the plants grown in the nature. Tissue culture is widely used to propagation of medicinal plants for active compounds. Also, in vitro techniques serves protect to genetic resources especially endemic species. The aim of this study was to make rapid propagation of endemic plant of Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller ssp. praealta (Boiss.) Davis, native to Anatolia. Plant growth regulators TDZ and BAP were added into ½ MS medium alone or in combination with GA3 to improve shoot propagation. The effect of plant growth regulators on shoot induction, rate of shoot, shoot number per explant and shoot length were determined. Considering both the shoot length and the number of shoots of in vitro propagation of Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller ssp. praealta (Boiss.) Davis plants, it was concluded that the best results (32.6 shoots per explant) for obtaining plantlets could be achieved by adding 0.2 mg l-1 TDZ into the ½ MS medium. The highest shoot length was 41.4 mm on the media containing 0.5 mg l-1 BA which was closely followed by control treatment (34.6 mm). Healthy root development with shoot growth was observed in all media tested. Plantlets were grown on a mixture of peat:perlite in a 3:1 ratio. Rooted plants were successfully transferred to a greenhouse. 80% of the plants survived and acclimatized in ex vitro conditions.

Özet

Anadolu'da geniş bir yayılım alanına sahip olan Linaria türleri "Nevruz otu" adıyla bilinmektedir. Anadolu'da halk tıbbında uzun yıllardır yaygın olarak kullanılan Linaria bitkisi süs bitkisi olarak kullanılma potansiyeline sahiptir. Biyoteknolojik yöntemler doğada var olan bitkilerin kitlesel üretimine olanak sağlayan önemli bir araçtır. Doku kültürü, aktif komponentlerinden dolayı tıbbi bitkilerin çoğaltılmasında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca in vitro teknikler endemik türler başta olmak üzere genetik kaynakların korunmasına hizmet etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller ssp. praealta (Boiss.) Davis endemik bitkisinin hızlı bir şekilde çoğaltılmasına olanak sağlamaktır. Sürgün çoğaltmayı teşvik için bitki büyüme düzenleyicisi TDZ ve BAP tek başına veya GA3 kombinasyonu ile MS besi ortamı içerisine ilave edilmiştir. Bitki büyüme düzenleyicilerinin sürgün indüksiyonu, sürgün oranı, eksplant başına sürgün sayısı ve sürgün uzunluğu üzerine etkisi belirlenmiştir. Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller ssp. praealta (Boiss.) Davis'in in vitro çoğaltılmasının hem sürgün uzunluğu hem de sürgün sayısı dikkate alındığında bitkicik elde etmek için en iyi sonuçların, ½ MS ortamına 0.2 mg l-l TDZ eklenmesiyle (eksplant başına 32.6 sürgün) elde edildiği sonucuna varılmıştır. En yüksek sürgün uzunluğu 41.4 mm ile 0.5 mg -l BA içeren besi ortamından elde edilmiştir ve bunu kontrol uygulaması (34.6 mm) yakından takip etmiştir. Test edilen tüm besi ortamlarında sürgün büyümesi ile birlikte sağlıklı kök gelişimi gözlenmiştir. Bitkicikler, 3:1 oranında torf: perlit karışımı üzerinde büyütülmüştür. Köklenen bitkiler başarıyla seraya aktarılmıştır. Bitkilerin %80'i hayatta kalmıştır ve ex vitro koşullarda aklimatize olmuştur.

🔖

Cite This Article

Palaz, E. B., Doğan, S., Çağlar, G. (2022). In vitro Micropropagation and Flowering of the Endemic Plant Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller ssp. praealta (Boiss.) Davis. Türk Tarım ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, Volume: 9 Issue: 3. https://ajindex.com/articles/1317381

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (35)

  1. Ahmad, N., Anis, M. 2007. Rapid clonal multiplication of a woody tree, Vitex negundo L., through axillary shoots proliferation. Agrofor. Syst., 71: 195-200.
  2. Anonim, 2021. http:// turkherb.ibu.edu.tr (Access date: 21.12.2021)
  3. Bakshi, S., Roy, N.K., Sahoo, L. 2012. Seedling preconditioning in thidiazuron enhances axillary shoot proliferation and recovery of transgenic cowpea plants. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 110(1): 77-91. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s11240-012-0132-y
  4. Barrueto Cid, L.P., Machado, A.C., Carvalheira, S.B., Plant, B.A.C. 1999. Regeneration from seedling explants of Eucalyptus grandis 9 E. urophylla. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 56(1): 17-23. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006283816625
  5. Baytop, T. 1984. Türkiye'de Bitkiler ile Tedavi (Geçmişte ve Bugün), İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınları, No:3255, Sanal Matbaacılık, İstanbul, s. 420.
  6. Bulut Z, Yılmaz H. 2010. The Current Situation of Threatened Endemic Flora in Turkey: Kemaliye (Erzincan) Case. Pak. J. Bot. 42(2): 711-719.
  7. Ceylan, A. 1995. Tıbbi Bitkiler I. E.Ü. Ziraat Fakültesi Yayını, Yayın No: 312, Bornova/İzmir
  8. Davis, P.H. 1978. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol.6, University Press, Edinburgh, 654-72 (1978).
  9. Doğan, S., Çağlar, G. 2020. Iris sari Schott ex Baker’in in vitro çoğaltım ve köklendirme çalışmaları. Anadolu, J. of AARI, 30(1): 33-45.
  10. Ekim, T., Koyuncu, M., Vural, M., Duman, H., Aytaç, Z., Adıgüzel, N. 2000. Red Data Book of Turkish Plants (Pteridophyta and Spermatophyta). Turkish Association for the Conservation of Nature & Van Centennial University, ISBN: 975-93611-0-8, Barışcan Ofset, 246pp, Ankara.
  11. Erdemoğlu, N., Bingöl, F., Şener, B. 1998. Linaria genistifolia (L.) Miller ssp. confertiflora (Boiss.) Davis üzerinde anatomik bir çalışma. Ankara Ecz. Fak. Derg., 27(1): 23-30. Faisal, M., Ahmad, N., Anis, M. 2005. Shoot multiplication in Rauvolfia tetraphylla L. using thidiazuron Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult., 80: 187-190.
  12. Fowler, M.R., Rayns, F.W., Hunter, C.F. 1993. The language and Aims of Plant Cell and Tissue Culture. In Vitro Cultivation of Plant Cells, Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, p. 1-18. Glasby, J.S. 1991. Dictionary of Plants Containing Secondary Metabolites. Taylor and Francis Ltd., Burgess Science Press, London, p.193.
  13. Güler, S., Güler, H., Başaran, S. 2011. Batı Akdeniz bölgesinde Doğal Yayılış Gösteren Önemli Bazı Odun Dışı Orman Ürünlerinin Yaş/Kuru Ağırlık Oranları. Orman Genel Müdürlüğü Batı Akdeniz Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü, Antalya, ISBN: 978-605-393-104-1.
  14. Golle, D.P., Reiniger, L.R.S., Stefanel, C.M., Muniz, M.F.B., Silva, K.B. 2017. Combination of NAA and TDZ for in vitro Multiplication of Eugenia involucrata DC. SciELO Brazil. Rev. Árvore, 41(5).
  15. Graner, E.M., Oberschelp, G.P.J., Brondani, G.E., Batagin-Piotto, K.D., Almeida, C.V., Almeida, M. 2013. TDZ pulsing evaluation on the in vitro morphogenesis of peach palm. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 19(2): 283-288. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-012-0160-4.
  16. Gul, M., Ozturk Cali, I., Cansaran, A., Idil, O., Kulu, I., Celikoglu, U. 2017. Evaluation of phytochemical content, antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and DNA cleavage effect of endemic Linaria corifolia Desf. (Plantaginaceae). Cogent Chemistry, 3: 1337293.
  17. Hanfer, M., Cheriet, T., Ameddah, S., Mancini, I., Seghiri, R., Menad, A., Benayache, F. 2017. Iridoids and anti-inflammatory properties of n-butanol extract of Linaria tingitana Boiss. & Reut. Natural Product Research, 31: 2008-2015.
  18. Isah, T. 2020. Nodal segment explant type and preconditioning influence in vitro shoot morphogenesis in Ginkgo biloba L. Plant Physiol. Rep. (January–March 2020) 25(1): 74-86. Javed, S.B., Alatar, A.A., Anis, M., El-Sheikh, M.A. 2019. In vitro regeneration of coral tree from three different explants using thidiazuron. American Society for Horticultural Science, 29(6): 946-951. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH04398-19.
  19. Juan, R., Pastor, J., Fernandez, I. 1999. Morphological and anatomical studies of Linaria species from Southwest Spain: Seeds. Annals of Botany, 84: 11-19.
  20. Kitagawa, L., Tani, T., Akita, K., Yosioka, I. 1978."Constituents of Linaria japonica. I. Structure of linarioside, a new chlorinated iridoid glucoside and identification of two related glucosides“ Chem. Pharm. Bull., 21(9).
  21. Kumari, P., Singh, S., Yadav, S., Phan Tran, L.S. 2018. Pretreatment of seeds with thidiazuron delimits its negative effects on explants and promotes regeneration in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 133(1): 103-114.
  22. Malik, K.A., Saxena, P.K. 1992. Thidiazuron induces high frequency shoot regeneration in the intact seedlings of pea (Pisum sativum), chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and lentil (Lens culinaris). Functional Plant Biology, 19(6): 731-740. https://doi. org/10.1071/PP9920731.
  23. Mouffouk, C., Mouffouk, S., Oulmi, K., Mouffouk, S., Haba, H. 2020. In vitro photoprotective, hemostatic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the species Linaria scariosa Desf. South African Journal of Botany, 130(2020): 383-388.
  24. Nadeau, L.B., King, J.R. 1991. Seed dispersal and seedling establishment of Linaria vulgaris Mill. Can. J. Plant Sci., 71: 771-782.
  25. Necajeva, J., Ievinsh, G., 2008. Seed germination of six coastal plant species of the Baltic region: effect of salinity and dormancy-breaking treatments. Seed Science Research, 18: 173-177.
  26. Nasircilar, A.G., Mirici, S., Karagüzel, Ö., Eren, Ö., Baktir, İ. 2009. İn vitro Propagation of endemic and endangered Muscari mirum from different explant types. Turk J. Bot., 35: 37-43.
  27. Özcan, S. 2002. Effect of Different genotypes and auxins on efficient somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryo explants of maize. Biotechnol-Biotechnological Equipment, 16: 51-57.
  28. Ridzuan, N.I., Abdullah, N., Vun Y.L. Supramaniam, C.V. 2020. Micropropagation and defense enzymes assessment of Moringa oleifera L. plantlets using nodal segments as explant. South African Journal of Botany, 129: 56-61.
  29. Siddique, I., Anis, M. 2007. In vitro shoot multiplication and plantlet regeneration from nodal explants of Cassia angustifolia (Vahl.): A medicinal plant. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 29(3): 223-238.
  30. Singh, M., Prakash, L. 1987. "A new flavone glycoside and other chemical constituents from Kickxia ramosissima Wall. (Syn. Linaria ramosissima Wall.) (Scrophulariaceae)" Pharmazie, 42(7): 490-1.
  31. Tatlıdil, S., Avar, E., Bıçakçı, A., Malyer, H., Kargıoğlu, M., Özyurt, S. 2004. Afyon ve çevresinde yayılış gösteren Linaria miller türlerinin polen morfolojileri. F.Ü. Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 16(2): 183-194.
  32. Temel, M. 2006. "Linaria Grandiflora ve Linaria Genistifolia Türleri Üzerinde Morfolojik, Anatomik ve Ekolojik Çalışmalar." AKÜ Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 6, Sayı.2: 37-49.
  33. Vines, G. 2004. Herbal Harvest with Future: Towards Sustainable Source for Medicinal Plants. Plantlife International, www.plantlife.co.uk
  34. Vujnovic, K., Wein, R.W. 1997. The biology of Canadian weeds. 106. Linaria dalmatica (L.) Mill. Can. J. Plant Sci., 77: 483-491.
  35. Temel, M. 2006. "Linaria Grandiflora ve Linaria Genistifolia Türleri Üzerinde Morfolojik, Anatomik ve Ekolojik Çalışmalar." AKÜ Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 6, Sayı.2: 37-49.