Journals / Türk Psikoloji Yazıları / 2002 / Cilt: 5 - Sayı: 9

Trafik Kazalarında Sosyal Psikolojik Etmenler: Sürücü Davranışları, Becerileri ve Sosyal Politik Çevre

Pages
1–36
DOI
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

For this purpose, the commonly known behavior change models were summarized and the four fundamental elements of traffic and transportation safety (legislation, enforcement, reinforcement, and education) were extensively discussed in the final section of this paper.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Social and economic cost of traffic accidents in Turkey has reached an alarming level.
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Key Findings & Data:It is almost impossible to completely understand the problem of road safety within the framework of the conventional "human-vehicle-road" trilogy only in developing countries including Turkey.
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Conclusion & Impact:For this purpose, the commonly known behavior change models were summarized and the four fundamental elements of traffic and transportation safety (legislation, enforcement, reinforcement, and education) were extensively discussed in the final section of this paper.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Domain Parameters

Abstract

Social and economic cost of traffic accidents in Turkey has reached an alarming level. It is almost impossible to completely understand the problem of road safety within the framework of the conventional "human-vehicle-road" trilogy only in developing countries including Turkey. In this review, jhe issue of traffic safety and driver behavior was analyzed from the social psychological perspective by considering the culture specific characteristics. It was asserted that the system and/or integrative approaches such as "person in situation", rather than "individual differences" perspective may be much more effective for attaining permanent solutions. Concerning human factors in traffic accidents, traffic violations' seem to be the primary causal agent. Most of the driver behaviors including violations can be explained on the basis of both individual level, such as overconfidence on the driving skills, and social level, such as the lack of deterrent social norms. The asymmetrical interplay between driving and safety skills also plays a role on the risky driving and violations. Whatsoever the reasons of risky driving, there is an urgent need for the well-designed and applicable behavior modification programs which take into account cultural specific aspects for sustainable traffic safety. For this purpose, the commonly known behavior change models were summarized and the four fundamental elements of traffic and transportation safety (legislation, enforcement, reinforcement, and education) were extensively discussed in the final section of this paper.

Özet

Trafik kazaları nedeniyle Türkiye'nin ödediği sosyal ve ekonomik bedel çok yüksek düzeylere ulaşmıştır. Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan ülkelerde yol güvenliği sorununu sadece geleneksel "insan, araç ve yol" üçlemesi ile açıklamak mümkün değildir. Bu yazıda, Türkiye'nin özellikleri göz önüne alınarak, trafik güvenliği ve sürücü davranışları sosyal psikolojik açıdan ele alınmaktadır. Geleneksel "bireysel farklılıklar" yaklaşımından çok "ortam içinde insan" yaklaşımı gibi sistem ve/veya bütüncül yaklaşımlarının soruna daha kalıcı çözümler getireceği öne sürülmektedir, insan faktörü dikkate alındığında, kazaların başlıca nedeni trafik ihlalleridir. Başta trafik ihlali alışkanlığı olmak üzere, sürücü davranışları hem sürücülük becerilerine aşırı güvenme gibi bireysel hem de caydırıcı sosyal normların eksikliği gibi sosyal nedenlerle açıklanabilir. Sürücülük performan-sı ile güvenli sürücülük becerileri arasındaki asimetrik ilişkinin de ihlallerde ve kazalarda önemli bir rolü olabilir. Riskli araç kullanmanın nedeni ne olursa olsun, sürdürülebilir trafik güvenliği için çok iyi planlanmış ve kültürel özellikleri dikkate alan davranış değişim programlarının uygulanması gerekir. Yazının son bölümünde bu tür programlar özetlenmekte ve trafik güvenliğinde dikkate alınması gereken dört temel unsur (yasama, denetim, pekiştirme ve eğitim) kapsamlı olarak tartışılmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

SÜMER, N. (2002). Trafik Kazalarında Sosyal Psikolojik Etmenler: Sürücü Davranışları, Becerileri ve Sosyal Politik Çevre. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, Cilt: 5 - Sayı: 9, 1–36. https://ajindex.com/articles/128686

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