SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar / 2026 / Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3

Early Maladaptive Schemas and Schema Domains in Intimate Partner Violence Victimization: A Systematic Review

Yakın Partner Şiddeti Mağduriyetinde Erken Dönem Uyumsuz Şemalar ve Şema Alanları: Sistematik Derleme

Serra Kaya(BAŞKENT ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0002-6484-6737
Begüm Öztürk(BAŞKENT ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0004-2338-5924
Burçin Akın Sarı(BAŞKENT ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-5605-1243
Pages
790–804
Publication Date
2026-04-15
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Important limitations include that the samples of the studies mostly consist of women, that they consist of only quantitative studies, and that they consist of studies published in English and Turkish languages.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:In this systematic review, the aim is to investigate the most common early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and schema domains in intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization.
📊
Key Findings & Data:For this systematic review, 11 articles have been found relevant in line with our inclusion and exclusion criteria.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:Important limitations include that the samples of the studies mostly consist of women, that they consist of only quantitative studies, and that they consist of studies published in English and Turkish languages.
🔬Design:Review & Systematic Survey
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:erken dönem uyumsuz şemalar · şema alanları · partner şiddeti

Abstract

In this systematic review, the aim is to investigate the most common early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and schema domains in intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization. It provides a more up-to-date contribution to the literature on the relationship between EMSs and IPV victimization. This systematic review follows the guidance of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol. To find all relevant studies, a database search was conducted on PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. Our inclusion criteria consist of studies published in English or Turkish, studies in which IPV victims' schemas were explored, studies published in the last decade, and journal articles. The quality of selected studies was assessed with Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields. For this systematic review, 11 articles have been found relevant in line with our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results of these studies showed that there is a mediator role of EMSs between negative childhood experiences and IPV victimization later in life. Mostly, disconnection/rejection domain and emotional deprivation, mistrust/abuse, abandonment, and vulnerability to harm and illness schemas were found to be associated with IPV victimization. Important limitations include that the samples of the studies mostly consist of women, that they consist of only quantitative studies, and that they consist of studies published in English and Turkish languages.

Özet

Güncel sistematik derlemenin amacı, yakın partner şiddeti mağduru olan bireylerdeki ortak erken dönem uyumsuz şemaları ve şema alanlarını araştırmaktır. Bu derleme, erken dönem uyumsuz şemalarla yakın partner şiddeti arasındaki ilişkinin güncel bir katkısını literatüre sunmaktadır. Bu sistematik derleme, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protokolünün rehberliğinde hazırlanmıştır. Konuyla ilgili araştırma makalelerini bulmak için, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus ve ScienceDirect veritabanları araştırılmıştır. Dahil etme kriterleri; İngilizce ya da Türkçe yayınlanan, yakın partner şiddeti mağdurlarının şemalarını inceleyen, son on yılda yayımlanan dergi makalelerinden oluşmaktadır. Seçilen makalelerin kalite kontrolü Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu sistematik derleme için, dahil etme ve hariç tutma kriterleri doğrultusunda 11 makale bulunmuştur. Bu derleme sonucunda erken dönem uyumsuz şemaların, olumsuz çocukluk dönemi deneyimleri ve yakın partner şiddeti mağduru olma arasında aracı rolü olduğu bulunmuştur. Çoğunlukla, kopukluk/reddedilme şema alanı ve duygusal yoksunluk, güvensizlik/kötüye kullanılma, terk edilme ve zarar görmeye veya hastalığa karşı savunmasızlık şemaları, yakın partner şiddeti mağduru olma ile anlamlı ilişki içinde bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın önemli sınırlılıkları arasında örneklemlerin çoğunun kadın olması, sadece nicel araştırmalardan oluşması ve sadece Türkçe veya İngilizce dilinde yazılan araştırmalardan oluşmasıdır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Kaya, S., Öztürk, B., Sarı, B. A. (2026). Early Maladaptive Schemas and Schema Domains in Intimate Partner Violence Victimization: A Systematic Review. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 3, 790–804. https://doi.org/10.18863/pgy.1674440

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (47)

  1. Allison CJ, Bartholomew K, Mayseless O, Dutton DG (2008) Love as a battlefield: attachment and relationship dynamics in couples identified for male partner violence. J Fam Issues, 29:125-150.
  2. Atmaca S, Gençöz T (2016) Exploring revictimization process among Turkish women: the role of early maladaptive schemas on the link between child abuse and partner violence. Child Abuse Negl, 52:85–93.
  3. Bakırcı K (2015) İstanbul sözleşmesi. Ankara Barosu Dergisi, 4:133-204.
  4. Bakos DS, Gallo AE, Wainer R (2015) Systematic review of the clinical effectiveness of schema therapy. Contemp Behav Health Care, 1:11-15.
  5. Bandura A, Walters RH (1977) Social Learning Theory. New Jersey, Prentice Hall.
  6. Beckley K (2022) Schema chemistry: an interpersonal framework for making sense of intimate partner violence. J Clin Psychol, 7:38-49.
  7. Borges JL, Dell’Aglio DD (2020) Early maladaptive schemas as predictors symptomatology among victims and non-victims of dating violence. Contextos Clínicos, 13:424–450.
  8. Bosmans G, Braet C, Van Vlierberghe L (2010) Attachment and symptoms of psychopathology: early maladaptive schemas as a cognitive link? Clin Psychol Psychother, 17:374-385.
  9. Calvete E, Gámez-Guadix M, Fernández-Gonzalez L, Orue I, Borrajo E (2018) Maladaptive schemas as mediators of the relationship between previous victimizations in the family and dating violence victimization in adolescents. Child Abuse Negl, 81:161–169.
  10. Celsi L, Paleari FG, Fincham FD (2021) Adverse childhood experiences and early maladaptive schemas as predictors of cyber dating abuse: an actor-partner interdependence mediation model approach. Front Psychol, 12:623646.
  11. Craane B, Dijkstra P, Stappaerts K, De Laat A (2013) Methodological quality of a systematic review on physical therapy for temporomandibular disorders: influence of hand search and quality scales. Clin Oral Investig, 17:295-303.
  12. Ehrensaft MK, Cohen P, Brown J, Smailes E, Chen H, Johnson JG (2003) Intergenerational transmission of partner violence: a 20-year prospective study. J Consult Clin Psychol, 4:741-753.
  13. Finkel EJ, Slotter EB (2007) An attachment theory perspective on the perpetuation of intimate partner violence. De Paul Law Rev, 56:895-908.
  14. Gündoğmuş AG, Doğan Bulut S, Koçyiğit Y, Şafak Y, Welkin Haksar L (2023) The relationships between intimate partner violence and attachment, personality features, and early maladaptive schemas. Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi, 26:91–103.
  15. Halpern CT, Oslak SG, Young ML, Martin SL, Kupper LL (2001) Partner violence among adolescents in opposite-sex romantic relationships: findings from the national longitudinal study of adolescent health. Am J Public Health, 91:1679–1685.
  16. Hassija CM, Robinson D, Silva Y, Lewin MR (2017) Dysfunctional parenting and intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization among college women: the mediating role of schemas. J Fam Violence, 33:65–73.
  17. Henderson AJ, Bartholomew K, Trinke SJ, Kwong MJ (2005) When loving means hurting: An exploration of attachment and intimate abuse in a community sample. J Fam Violence, 20:219-230.
  18. Jennings WG, Okeem C, Piquero AR, Sellers CS, Theobald D, Farrington DP (2017) Dating and intimate partner violence among young persons ages 15–30: evidence from a systematic review. Aggress Violent Behav, 33:107–125.
  19. Karabacak Çelik A, Balcı Çelik S (2022) Üniversite öğrencilerinde flört şiddetinin yordanmasında ego durumları ve erken dönem uyumsuz şemaların rolünün incelenmesi. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 20:911–929.
  20. Keles B, McCrae N, Grealish A (2019) A systematic review: the influence of social media on depression, anxiety and psychological distress in adolescents. Int J Adolesc Youth, 25:79–93.
  21. Kmet LM, Lee RC, Cook LS (2004) Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields. Edmonton, Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research.
  22. Kyle J (2022) Intimate partner violence. Med Clin North Am, 107:385-395.
  23. Lewis SF, Fremouw W (2001) Dating violence: a critical review of the literature. Clin Psychol Rev, 21:105–127.
  24. Lu Y, Van Ouytsel J, Temple JR (2021) In-person and cyber dating abuse: a longitudinal investigation. J Soc Pers Relat, 38:3713-3731.
  25. Martin R, Young J (2010) Schema Therapy, 3rd ed. New York, Guilford Press.
  26. McHugh ML (2012) Interrater reliability: the kappa statistic. Biochem Med, 22:276-282.
  27. McLean HR, Bailey HN, Lumley MN (2014) The secure base script: associated with early maladaptive schemas related to attachment. Psychol Psychother, 87:425-446.
  28. Offenhauer P, Buchalter A (2011) Teen Dating Violence: A Literature Review and Annotated Bibliography. Mishawaka, Bibliogov.
  29. Page MJ, Moher D, Bossuyt P, Boutron I, Hoffmann T, Cindy D et al. (2020) Prisma 2020 explanation and elaboration: updated guidance and exemplars for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372: n160.
  30. Pietri M, Bonnet A (2017) Analysis of early representations and personality among victims of domestic violence. Eur Rev Appl Psychol, 67:199-206.
  31. Pilkington PD, Bishop A, Younan R (2021) Adverse childhood experiences and early maladaptive schemas in adulthood: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Psychother, 28:569-584.
  32. Rafaeli E, Bernstein DP, Young JE (2013) Şema Terapi: Ayırıcı Özellikleri (Trans. Miray Şaşıoğlu). İstanbul, Psikonet Yayınları.
  33. Rahme C, Haddad C, Akel M, Khoury C, Obeid H, Hallit S et al. (2020) Correlation between early maladaptive schemas and violence against women among a representative sample from a Lebanese population: results of a cross-sectional study. Res Sq; doi: 10.21203/rs.2.21667/v1.
  34. Rahme C, Haddad C, Akel M, Khoury C, Obeid H, Fekih-Romdhane F et al. (2026) The relationship between early maladaptive schemas and intimate partner violence against women: the moderating effect of childhood trauma. J Interpers Violence, 41:320-344.
  35. Satyen L, Rogic AC, Supol M (2019) Intimate partner violence and help-seeking behaviour: a systematic review of cross-cultural differences. J Immigr Minor Health, 21:879-892.
  36. Sorkhabi N (2012) Parent socialization effects in different cultures: significance of directive parenting. Psychol Rep, 110:854-878.
  37. Sójta K, Margulska A, Jóźwiak-Majchrzak W, Grażka A, Grzelczak K, Strzelecki D (2023) Cognitive–affective risk factors of female intimate partner violence victimization: the role of early maladaptive schemas and strategic emotional intelligence. Brain Sci, 13:1118.
  38. Stevens BA, Roediger E (2016) Breaking Negative Relationship Patterns: A Schema Therapy Self-help and Support Book. Chichester, Wiley.
  39. Sugarman DB, Hotaling GT (1989) Dating Violence: Prevalence, Context, and Risk Markers. New York, Prager.
  40. Taşkale N, Soygüt G (2016) Risk factors for women’s intimate partner violence victimization: an examination from the perspective of the schema therapy model. J Fam Violence, 32:3–12.
  41. Unlu G, Cakaloz B (2016) Effects of perpetrator identity on suicidality and nonsuicidal self-injury in sexually victimized female adolescents. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat, 12:1489–1497.
  42. UN Women. (2025). Facts and figures: ending violence against women. https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/ending-violence-against-women/facts-and- figures (Accessed 25.11.2024).
  43. Van Vreeswijk M, Broersen J, Schurink G (2014) Mindfulness and Schema Therapy: A Practical Guide. Sussex, Wiley.
  44. Young JE (1998) Young Schema Questionnaire--Short Form (YSQ-SF, YSQ-S, YSQ) [Database record]. APA PsycTests.
  45. Young JE, Brown G (2005) Young Schema Questionnaire – Short Form Version 3 (YSQ- S3). APA PsycTests.
  46. Young JE, Klosko JS, Weishaar ME (2003) Schema Therapy: A Practitionerʹs Guide. New York, Guilford Press.
  47. Celsi L, Paleari FG, Fincham FD (2021) Adverse childhood experiences and early maladaptive schemas as predictors of cyber dating abuse: an actor-partner interdependence mediation model approach. Front Psychol, 12:623646.