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Journals / Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 21 Sayı: 83

Triangulating children's voices in tourism research: observation notebooks, participant photography, and expert ethnographic interview

Turizm araştırmalarında çocukların deneyimlerini üçgenleme yoluyla anlamak: gözlem defterleri, katılımcı fotoğrafçılığı ve uzman etnografik görüşme

Onur İçöz(AYDIN ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TURİZM FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-0775-1451
Eren Gönül(AYDIN ADNAN MENDERES ÜNİVERSİTESİ, DİDİM MESLEK YÜKSEKOKULU, SEYAHAT, TURİZM VE EĞLENCE HİZMETLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, TURİZM VE SEYAHAT HİZMETLERİ PR.)0000-0003-4668-5490
Pages
424–443
Publication Date
2026-07-31
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

Translated quotations illustrate how the approach elicited learning claims, emotions, aesthetic observations, embodied difficulties, service evaluations, and safety concerns.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Child-centred tourism research requires methods that capture children’s experiences without imposing adult categories, proxy interpretations, or purely verbal accounts.
📊
Key Findings & Data:This methodological article develops a triangulated data-collection approach based on a doctoral study of children’s cultural tourism experiences during a heritage tour with 35 middle-school children in Didim, Turkey.
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Conclusion & Impact:Translated quotations illustrate how the approach elicited learning claims, emotions, aesthetic observations, embodied difficulties, service evaluations, and safety concerns.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:çocuk merkezli araştırma · yöntemsel üçgenleme · gözlem defterleri

Abstract

Child-centred tourism research requires methods that capture children’s experiences without imposing adult categories, proxy interpretations, or purely verbal accounts. This methodological article develops a triangulated data-collection approach based on a doctoral study of children’s cultural tourism experiences during a heritage tour with 35 middle-school children in Didim, Turkey. It foregrounds three techniques: observation notebooks, participant photography, and an expert ethnographic interview. Together, these methods create multiple communicative routes: written child-authored narration, visual and non-verbal expression, and contextual interpretation that supports rather than replaces children’s voices. The article proposes “expressive triangulation” and a child-centred triangulation model for tourism and related research. Translated quotations illustrate how the approach elicited learning claims, emotions, aesthetic observations, embodied difficulties, service evaluations, and safety concerns.

Özet

Çocuk odaklı turizm araştırmaları, yetişkin kategorilerini, başkaları adına yapılan yorumları veya salt sözlü anlatımları dayatmadan çocukların deneyimlerini yansıtan yöntemler gerektirir. Bu metodolojik makale, Didim kentinde 35 ortaokul öğrencisiyle gerçekleştirilen bir miras turu sırasında çocukların kültürel turizm deneyimlerine ilişkin bir doktora çalışmasına dayanan, üçlü bir veri toplama yaklaşımı geliştirmektedir. Makale, üç tekniği ön plana çıkarır: gözlem defterleri, katılımcı fotoğrafçılığı ve uzman etnografik görüşme. Bu yöntemler bir araya geldiğinde, çocukların deneyimlerini belirlemeyi destekleyen çoklu iletişim yolları oluşturur: çocukların yazdığı anlatılar, görsel ve sözsüz ifadeler ile bağlamsal yorumlar. Makale, turizm ve ilgili araştırmalar için “ifade üçgenlemesi” ve çocuk merkezli bir üçgenleme modeli önermektedir. Çevrilmiş alıntılar, bu yaklaşımın öğrenme iddialarını, duyguları, estetik gözlemleri, somutlaşmış zorlukları, hizmet değerlendirmelerini ve güvenlik endişelerini nasıl ortaya çıkardığını göstermektedir.

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Cite This Article

İçöz, O., Gönül, E. (2026). Triangulating children's voices in tourism research: observation notebooks, participant photography, and expert ethnographic interview. Yaşar Üniversitesi E-Dergisi, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 83, 424–443. https://doi.org/10.19168/jyasar.1952729

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