SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1

The mediating role of perfectionism in the relationship between attachment patterns and academic burnout in university students

Üniversite öğrencilerinde bağlanma örüntüleri ile akademik tükenmişlik arasındaki ilişkide mükemmeliyetçiliğin aracı rolü

Emine Baylar(İzmir Bakırçay Üniversitesi)0009-0000-0376-4610
Aslı Yüksel(İZMİR BAKIRÇAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0002-8309-2029
Pelin Bintaş Zörer(İZMİR BAKIRÇAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-1736-6909
Pages
54–68
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

While burnout is known to have negative effects on an individual's health and overall quality of life, the literature highlights that attachment patterns, considered early life experiences, and perfectionism are significant factors associated with burnout.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Academic burnout is defined as a state of physical and emotional exhaustion resulting from prolonged stress and heavy workload in the academic field.
📊
Key Findings & Data:While burnout is known to have negative effects on an individual's health and overall quality of life, the literature highlights that attachment patterns, considered early life experiences, and perfectionism are significant factors associated with burnout.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The findings expanded the literature by examining the relationship between attachment patterns and perfectionism dimensions.
🔬Design:Survey & Empirical Study
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:akademik tükenmişlik · mükemmeliyetçilik · bağlanma örüntüleri

Abstract

Academic burnout is defined as a state of physical and emotional exhaustion resulting from prolonged stress and heavy workload in the academic field. While burnout is known to have negative effects on an individual's health and overall quality of life, the literature highlights that attachment patterns, considered early life experiences, and perfectionism are significant factors associated with burnout. In this context, investigating the underlying mechanisms of burnout is crucial to reducing and preventing its negative effects on students. This study aims to examine the mediating role of perfectionism in the relationship between their attachment styles and university students' academic burnout levels, contributing to the literature by revealing differences among attachment patterns. The data were collected online, and the study group consisted of a total of 306 university students, including 227 women and 79 men, with an average age of 23.64. Participants completed a Demographic Information Form, the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised II, and the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale. Among the subdimensions of perfectionism, only doubts about actions mediate the relationship between both attachment patterns and academic burnout, while parental expectations and parental criticism mediate the relationship between anxious attachment and academic burnout. The findings expanded the literature by examining the relationship between attachment patterns and perfectionism dimensions.

Özet

Akademik tükenmişlik, akademik alanda uzun süreli stres ve yoğun çalışma yükünün bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkan fiziksel ve duygusal yorgunluk hali olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Tükenmişliğin bireyin sağlığı ve genel yaşam kalitesi üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri olduğu bilinmekle birlikte, alanyazında erken yaşam deneyimleri olarak ele alınan bağlanma örüntüleri ve mükemmeliyetçiliğin, tükenmişlik ile ilişkili önemli faktörler olduğu vurgulanmıştır. Bu doğrultuda akademik tükenmişliğin öğrenciler üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak ve önlemek amacıyla tükenmişliğin temelinde yatan mekanizmaların araştırılması büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin bağlanma örüntüleriyle akademik tükenmişlik düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkide mükemmeliyetçiliğin aracı rolünü incelemektir. Veriler çevrimiçi ortamda toplanmış olup, çalışma grubunu yaş ortalaması 23.64 olan 227’si kadın, 79’u erkek olmak üzere toplam 306 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılardan veri toplarken Demografik Bilgi Formu, Maslach Tükenmişlik-Öğrenci Formu, Yakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envanteri II ve Çok Boyutlu Mükemmeliyetçilik Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Mükemmeliyetçiliğin alt boyutlarına bakıldığında yalnızca davranışlardan şüphe, her iki bağlanma örüntüsünün de akademik tükenmişlik ile ilişkisinde aracı rol üstlenirken; ailesel beklenti ve ailesel eleştiri boyutunun ise yalnızca kaygılı bağlanma ile akademik tükenmişlik arasındaki ilişkide aracı rol üstlendiği görülmüştür. Bulgular, mükemmeliyetçiliğin alt boyutlarıyla bağlanma örüntüleri arasındaki farklılıkları inceleyerek alanyazını genişletmiştir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Baylar, E., Yüksel, A., Zörer, P. B. (2026). The mediating role of perfectionism in the relationship between attachment patterns and academic burnout in university students. Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 54–68. https://doi.org/10.57127/kpd.46024438.1604395

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (69)

  1. Ainsworth, M. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E. ve Wall, S. N. (2015). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. Routledge.
  2. Ainsworth, M. S. ve Bowlby, J. (1991). An ethological approach to personality development. American Psychologist, 46(4), 333-341.
  3. Aşçı, Ö., Hazar, G., Kılıç, E. ve Korkmaz, A. (2015). Üniversite öğrencilerinde stres nedenlerinin ve stresle başa çıkma biçimlerinin belirlenmesi. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 8(4), 213-232.
  4. Ayoğlu, Z. (2012). Okb’ye ilişkin gelişimsel bir model: Yetişkin bağlanma biçimleri, ebeveynden algılanan psikolojik kontrol düzeyi ve mükemmeliyetçilik eğilimlerinin obsesif yorumlar ve belirtilerle bağlantısının incelenmesi (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  5. Bartholomew, K. ve Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(2), 226-244.
  6. Bask, M. ve Salmela-Aro, K. (2013). Burned out to drop out: Exploring the relationship between school burnout and school dropout. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 28(2), 511-528.
  7. Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss (2. baskı). Basic Books.
  8. Brennan, K. A., Clark, C. L. ve Shaver, R. P. (1998). Self-report measurement of adult attachment. J. A. Simpsom ve W. S. Rholes (Ed.). Attachment theory and close relationships içinde (s. 46-76). The Guilford Press.
  9. Bumbacco, C. ve Scharfe, E. (2023). Why attachment matters: First-year post-secondary students’ experience of burnout, disengagement, and drop-out. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice, 24(4), 988-1001.
  10. Burns, D. D. (1980). The perfectionist’s script for self-defeat. Psychology Today, 14(6), 34-52.
  11. Chang, Y. (2012). The relationship between maladaptive perfectionism with burnout: Testing mediating effect of emotion-focused coping. Personality and Individual Differences, 53(5), 635-639.
  12. Chen, M., Li, R. ve Feng, Y. (2021). The effect of attachment style on academic burnout: The mediating role of self-esteem and self-efficacy. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 561, 267-274.
  13. Cheraghian, H., Faskhodi, B. Z., Heidari, N. ve Sharifi, P. Y. (2016). Self-compassion as a relationship moderator between academic burnout and mental health in students. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Education and Development, 5(2), 128-138.
  14. Çapri, B., Gündüz, B. ve Gökçakan, Z. (2011). Maslach Tükenmişlik Envanteri-Öğrenci Formu'nun (MTE-ÖF) Türkçe'ye uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Çukurova Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 40(1), 134-147.
  15. Çapri, B. ve Sönmez, G. Y. (2013). Investigation of burnout scores of high school students according to socio-demographic variables, psychological symptoms and attachment styles. Journal of Human Sciences, 10(2), 195-218.
  16. Çetiner, T. ve Çelikkaleli, Ö. (2023). Üniversite öğrencilerinde uyumsuz mükemmeliyetçilik ile tükenmişlik arasındaki ilişkide öz-düzenleme ve öz- şefkatin aracılık rolü. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi 57, 1622-1645.
  17. Ding, X., Zhibing, Z. ve Ge, G. (2019). The study on the relationship among parenting style, negative perfectionism and academic burnout of college students. 2019 10th International Conference on Information Technology in Medicine and Education, 237-240.
  18. Dolgun, U. (2015). Tükenmişlik sendromu. D. E. Özler (Ed.), Örgütsel davranışta güncel konular içinde (s. 287-308). Ekin Yayınevi.
  19. Dorostkar Moghadam, H., Dortaj, F. ve Farrokhi, N. (2021). The intermediary role of academic engagement in the causal relation between attachment styles and academic burnout in university students. Journal of New Approaches in Educational Administration, 12(1), 168-185.
  20. Dozier, M., Stovall-McClough, K. C. ve Albus, K. E. (2008). Attachment and psychopathology in adulthood. J. Cassidy ve P. R. Shaver (Ed.), Handbook of attachment (2. baskı) içinde (s. 718-744). The Guilford Press.
  21. D'souza, F., Egan, S. J. ve Rees, C. S. (2011). The relationship between perfectionism, stress and burnout in clinical psychologists. Behaviour Change, 28(1), 17-28.
  22. Ertek, İ. E., Özkan, S., Candansayar, S. ve İlhan, M. N. (2020). Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinde stres, tükenmişlik ve depresyon. Gazi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 10-20.
  23. Flett, G. L. ve Hewitt, P. L. (2008). Treatment interventions for perfectionism—A cognitive perspective: Introduction to the special issue. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 26, 127-133.
  24. Fraley, R. C., Waller, N. G. ve Brennan, K. A. (2000). An item response theory analysis of self-report measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(2), 350-365.
  25. Franze, S. E. (2005). Perfectionism as a mediator parent-child interactions and attachment style in adult romantic relationships (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). The Pennsylvania State University, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri.
  26. Frost, R. O., Marten, P., Lahart, C. ve Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14(5), 449-468.
  27. García-Izquierdo, M., Ríos-Risquez, M. I., Carrillo-García, C. ve Sabuco-Tebar, E. D. L. Á. (2018). The moderating role of resilience in the relationship between academic burnout and the perception of psychological health in nursing students. Educational Psychology, 38(8), 1068-1079.
  28. Gong, J. (2022). The relationship between adult attachment style and burnout: The mediating effect of resilience. 2022 3rd International Conference on Mental Health, Education and Human Development (MHEHD 2022), 486-493. Atlantis Press.
  29. Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. The Guilford Press.
  30. Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L. ve Mikail, S. F. (2017). Perfectionism: A relational approach to conceptualization, assessment, and treatment. Guilford Publications.
  31. Hill, A. P. ve Curran, T. (2016). Multidimensional perfectionism and burnout: A meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 20(3), 269-288.
  32. Hollender, M. H. (1965). Perfectionism. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 6, 94-103.
  33. İn, E. Ç. ve Kula, K. Ş. (2019). Üniversite öğrencilerinin tükenmişlik ve yaşam doyumunun incelenmesi: Kırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(2), 403-442.
  34. Kahraman, S., Eskiili, B. ve Koca, B. B. (2023). Doktorlarda öz yeterlilik düzeyleri, bağlanma stilleri ile mükemmeliyetçi tutumları arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi. Asya Studies, 7(26), 31-50.
  35. Karimi, Y., Bashirpur, M., Khabbaz, M. ve Hedayati, A. A. (2014). Comparison between perfectionism and social support dimensions and academic burnout in students. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 159, 57-63.
  36. Kyeong, W.L. (2013). Self-compassion as a moderator of the relationship between academic burn-out and psychological health in Korean cyber university students. Personality and Individual Differences, 54, 899-902.
  37. Lapan, R. ve Patton, M. J. (1986). Self-psychology and the adolescent process: Measures of pseudoautonomy and peer-group dependence. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 33(2), 136-142.
  38. Lee, J., Puig, A., Kim, Y. B., Shin, H., Lee, J. H. ve Lee, S. M. (2010). Academic burnout profiles in Korean adolescents. Stress and Health, 26(5), 404-416.
  39. Lowell, S. ve Limke, A. (2009). Adult romantic attachment and types of perfectionism. Journal of Scientific Psychology, 7, 18-23.
  40. Luo, Y., Wang, Z., Zhang, H., Chen, A. ve Quan, S. (2016). The effect of perfectionism on school burnout among adolescence: The mediator of self-esteem and coping style. Personality and Individual Differences, 88, 202-208.
  41. Main, M. (1990). Cross-cultural studies of attachment organization: Recent studies, changing methodologies, and the concept of conditional strategies. Human Development, 33(1), 48-61.
  42. Marques, H., Brites, R., Nunes, O., Hipólito, J. ve Brandão, T. (2023). Attachment, emotion regulation, and burnout among university students: A mediational hypothesis. Educational Psychology, 43(4), 344-362.
  43. Martin, S. R., Fortier, M. A., Heyming, T. W., Ahn, K., Nichols, W., Golden, C., Saadat, H. ve Kain, Z. N. (2022). Perfectionism as a predictor of physician burnout. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 1425.
  44. Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B. ve Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 397-422.
  45. Maslach, C. ve Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behaviour, 2(2), 99-113.
  46. Meier, S. T. ve Schmeck, R. R. (1985). The burned-out college student: A descriptive profile. Journal of College Student Personnel, 26(1), 63-69.
  47. Mısırlı-Taşdemir, Ö. (2003). Üstün yetenekli çocuklarda, mükemmeliyetçilik, sınav kaygısı, benlik saygısı, kontrol odağı, öz yeterlilik ve problem çözme becerileri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Trabzon.
  48. Özteke, H. İ. (2015). Bağlanma, eş seçiminde sınırlandırıcı inançlar ve beden imgesi baş etme stratejilerinin romantik ilişkilerde mükemmeliyetçiliği yordaması (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Konya.
  49. Pielage, S., Gerlsma, C. ve Schaap, C. (2000). Insecure attachment as a risk factor for psychopathology: The role of stressful events. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy: An International Journal of Theory & Practice, 7(4), 296-302.
  50. Pines, A. M. (2004). Adult attachment styles and their relationship to burnout: A preliminary, cross-cultural investigation. Work & Stress, 18(1), 66-80.
  51. Pishva, N. ve Besharat, M. A. (2011). Relationship attachment styles with positive and negative perfectionism. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 402-406.
  52. Pouravari, M., Behboodi, M. ve Sharifi, A. (2018). Identifying pattern of relationships between attachment styles, life satisfaction and perfectionism in university students. Razavi International Journal of Medicine, 6(1), 14-20.
  53. Pšeničny, A. ve Perat, M. (2020). Fear of relationship loss: Attachment style as a vulnerability factor in job burnout. Slovenian Journal of Public Health, 59(3), 146-154.
  54. Rice, K. G., Lopez, F. G. ve Vergara D. (2005). Parental/social effects on perfectionism and adult attachment orientations. Journal of Social & Clinical Psychology, 24(4), 580-605.
  55. Rice, K. G. ve Lopez, F. G. (2004). Maladaptive perfectionism, adult attachment, and self‐esteem in college students. Journal of College Counseling, 7(2), 118-128.
  56. Rice, K. G. ve Mirzadeh, S. A. (2000). Perfectionism, attachment, and adjustment. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 47(2), 238-250.
  57. Saya, P. (2006). The relationship between attachment styles and perfectionism in high school students (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Orta Doğu Teknik üniversitesi, Ankara.
  58. Schaufeli, W. B., Martínez, I., Marques-Pinto, A., Salanova, M. ve Bakker, A. B. (2002). Burnout and engagement in university students: A cross national study. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33, 464-481.
  59. Selçuk, E., Günaydın, G., Sümer, N. ve Uysal, A. (2005). Yetişkin bağlanma boyutlan için yeni bir ölçüm: Yakın İlişkilerde Yaşantılar Envanteri-II'nin Türk örnekleminde psikometrik açıdan değerlendirilmesi. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 8(16), 1-11.
  60. Sevgen, F. H. (2018). Obsesif kompulsif bozukluk tanılı ergenlerde bağlanma ve bağlanmanın yeme tutumu ile ilişkisinin değerlendirilmesi (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Kahramanmaraş.
  61. Silva, R. G. ve Figueiredo-Braga, M. (2019). The roles of empathy, attachment style, and burnout in pharmacy students’ academic satisfaction. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 83(5), 6706.
  62. Slade, P. D. ve Owens, R. G. (1998). A dual process model of perfectionism based on reinforcement theory. Behavior Modification, 22(3), 372-390.
  63. Stoeber, J. ve Otto, K. (2006). Positive conceptions of perfectionism: Approaches, evidence, challenges. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10(4), 295-319.
  64. Toppinen-Tanner, S., Ojaarvi, A., Vaananen, A., Kalimo, R. ve Jappinen, P. (2005). Burnout as a predictor of medically certified sick-leave absences and their diagnosed causes. Behavioral Medicine, 31,18-27.
  65. Tümkaya, S. (1996). Öğretmenlerdeki tükenmişlik, görülen psikolojik belirtiler ve başa çıkma davranışları (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.
  66. Wei, M., Mallinckrodt, B., Russell, D. W. ve Abraham, W. T. (2004). Maladaptive perfectionism as a mediator and moderator between adult attachment and depressive mood. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51(2), 201-212.
  67. Wright, T. A. ve Bonett, D. G. (1997). The contribution of burnout to work performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18(5), 491-499.
  68. Yang, H. J. (2004). Factors affecting student burnout and academic achievement in multiple enrollment programs in Taiwan’s technical–vocational colleges. International Journal of Educational Development, 24(3), 283-301.
  69. Zhang, L. F., Gan, Y. ve Cham, H. (2007). Perfectionism, academic burnout and engagement among Chinese college students: A structural equation modeling analysis. Personality and Individual Differences, 43(6), 1529-1540.