SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1

Turkish validation of the Multidimensional Individual and Interpersonal Resilience Measure: Unveiling connections to psychological resilience, social support, and quality of life

Çok Boyutlu Bireysel ve Kişilerarası Dayanıklılık Ölçeği'nin Türkçe geçerlilik çalışması: Psikolojik dayanıklılık, sosyal destek ve yaşam kalitesi ile bağlantıların keşfi

Banu Aslan(SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-4715-8449
Özgür Önal(SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-6514-2120
Pages
1–12
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This study provides a culturally adapted tool for assessing resilience among older adults in Türkiye, contributing to a deeper understanding of strategies to enhance their psychological resilience and filling a significant gap in the literature.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:This study assesses the validity and reliability of the Multidimensional Individual and Interpersonal Resilience Measure (MIIRM) for older adults in Türkiye, exploring its adaptability to Turkish culture and its association with psychological resilience, perceived social support, and quality of life.
📊
Key Findings & Data:A total of 1251 individuals aged 60 and above participated, and data was collected online through snowball sampling.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:This study provides a culturally adapted tool for assessing resilience among older adults in Türkiye, contributing to a deeper understanding of strategies to enhance their psychological resilience and filling a significant gap in the literature.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:dayanıklılık · ileri yetişkinlik dönemindeki bireyler · algılanan sosyal destek

Abstract

This study assesses the validity and reliability of the Multidimensional Individual and Interpersonal Resilience Measure (MIIRM) for older adults in Türkiye, exploring its adaptability to Turkish culture and its association with psychological resilience, perceived social support, and quality of life. A total of 1251 individuals aged 60 and above participated, and data was collected online through snowball sampling. Self-report measures were evaluated using original scoring systems. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a seven-factor structure, explaining 62.971% of the variance. Internal consistency was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha (.794) and Spearman-Brown Split-Half coefficient (.628). A high positive correlation (r = .620) between Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and MIIRM suggests their interchangeability. Confirmatory factor analysis affirmed the scale’s consistency, with a good fit. Multivariate analysis revealed factors enhancing resilience: Economic status, positive relationships, social support, and quality of life. This study provides a culturally adapted tool for assessing resilience among older adults in Türkiye, contributing to a deeper understanding of strategies to enhance their psychological resilience and filling a significant gap in the literature.

Özet

Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki ileri yetişkinlik dönemindeki bireyler için Çok Boyutlu Bireysel ve Kişilerarası Dayanıklılık Ölçeği’nin (ÇB-BKDÖ) geçerliliğini ve güvenirliğini değerlendirerek, Türk kültürüne adaptasyonunu ve psikolojik dayanıklılık, algılanan sosyal destek ile yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektedir. 60 yaş ve üstü toplam 1251 birey katılmış ve veriler kar topu örnekleme yöntemiyle çevrimiçi olarak toplanmıştır. Kendini değerlendirme ölçümleri, orijinal puanlama sistemleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi, varyansın %62.971'ini açıklayan yedi faktörlü bir yapı ortaya koymuştur. İç tutarlılık, Cronbach alfa (.794) ve Spearman-Brown Split-Half katsayısı (.628) ile doğrulanmıştır. Connor-Davidson Dayanıklılık Ölçeği ve ÇB-BKDÖ arasında yüksek pozitif korelasyon (r = .620) bulunması, bu ölçeklerin birbiri yerine kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, ölçeğin tutarlılığını iyi bir uyum ile doğrulamıştır. Çok değişkenli analiz, dayanıklılığı artıran faktörleri ortaya koymuştur: Ekonomik durum, olumlu ilişkiler, sosyal destek ve yaşam kalitesi. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'deki ileri yetişkinlik dönemindeki bireyler için dayanıklılık değerlendirmelerinde kültürel olarak uyarlanmış bir araç sunarak, bu kişilerin psikolojik dayanıklılıklarını artırma stratejilerine yönelik daha derin bir anlayış kazandırmakta ve literatürde önemli bir boşluğu doldurmaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Aslan, B., Önal, Ö. (2026). Turkish validation of the Multidimensional Individual and Interpersonal Resilience Measure: Unveiling connections to psychological resilience, social support, and quality of life. Klinik Psikoloji Dergisi, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.57127/kpd.26024438.1574782

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (52)

  1. Almeida, D. M. (2005). Resilience and vulnerability to daily stressors assessed via diary methods. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 14(2), 64–68.
  2. American Psychological Association. (2023). Resilience. American Psychological Association.
  3. Angevaare, M. J., Roberts, J., van Hout, H. P. J., Joling, K. J., Smalbrugge, M., Schoonmade, L. J., Windle, G., & Hertogh, C. M. P. M. (2020). Resilience in older persons: a systematic review of the conceptual literature. Ageing Research Reviews, 63, 101144.
  4. Bandura, A. (2012). On the functional properties of perceived self-efficacy revisited. Journal of management, 38(1), 9-44.
  5. Beran, T. N., & Violato, C. (2010). Structural equation modeling in medical research: a primer. BMC Research Notes, 3(1), 1–10.
  6. Bowling, A., Hankins, M., Windle, G., Bilotta, C., & Grant, R. (2013). A short measure of quality of life in older age: the performance of the brief older people’s quality of life questionnaire (OPQOL-brief). Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 56(1), 181–187.
  7. Caliskan, H., Sengul Aycicek, G., Ozsurekci, C., Dogrul, R. T., Balci, C., Sumer, F., Ozcan, M., Karabulut, E., Halil, M., Cankurtaran, M., & Yavuz, B. B. (2019). Turkish validation of a new scale from older people’s perspectives: older people’s quality of life-brief (OPQOL-brief). Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 83, 91–95.
  8. Campbell-Sills, L., & Stein, M. B. (2007). Psychometric analysis and refinement of the connor–davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC): validation of a 10-item measure of resilience. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 20(6), 1019–1028.
  9. Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (1992). A first course in factor analysis (Second Edition). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
  10. Connor, K. M., & Davidson, J. R. T. (2003). Development of a new resilience scale: the connor-davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Depression and Anxiety, 18(2), 76–82.
  11. Cosco, T. D., Cooper, R., Kuh, D., & Stafford, M. (2018). Socioeconomic inequalities in resilience and vulnerability among older adults: a population-based birth cohort analysis. International Psychogeriatrics, 30(5), 695–703.
  12. Cosco, T. D., Howse, K., & Brayne, C. (2017). Healthy ageing, resilience and wellbeing. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 26(6), 579–583.
  13. Cosco, T. D., Kaushal, A., Richards, M., Kuh, D., & Stafford, M. (2016). Resilience measurement in later life: a systematic review and psychometric analysis. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 14(1), 1–6.
  14. de Souza Júnior, E. V., Cruz, D. P., Silva, C. dos S., Rosa, R. S., Peloso-Carvalho, B. de M., & Sawada, N. O. (2022). Depression implications on older adults’ quality of life: a crosssectional study. Enfermería Global, 21(1), 460–472.
  15. DeVellis, R. F. (2017). Scale development theory and applications (trans. edit. Tarık Totan, Ed.; Third Edition). Nobel Academic Publishing Education Consultancy Inc.
  16. Eker, D., & Arkar, H. (1995). Perceived social support: psychometric properties of the MSPSS in normal and pathological groups in a developing country. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 30(3), 121–126.
  17. Eker, D., Arkar, H., & Yaldiz, H. (2001). Factorial structure, validity, and reliability of revised form of the multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 12(1), 17–25.
  18. Färber, F., & Rosendahl, J. (2020). Trait resilience and mental health in older adults: a meta-analytic review. Personality and Mental Health, 14(4), 361–375.
  19. Ferreira, J. D. R., Miranda, M. F., Miranda, M. F., Romano-Silva, M. A., Bicalho, M. A. C., & Viana, B. de M. (2023). Translation and validity of the multidimensional individual and interpersonal resilience measure. Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem, 76(4), e20220696.
  20. Fuller-Iglesias, H., Sellars, B., & Antonucci, T. C. (2008). Resilience in old age: social relations as a protective factor. Research in Human Development, 5(3), 181–193.
  21. Górska, S., Singh Roy, A., Whitehall, L., Irvine Fitzpatrick, L., Duffy, N., & Forsyth, K. (2022). A systematic review and correlational meta-analysis of factors associated with resilience of normally aging, community-living older adults. The Gerontologist, 62(9), e520.
  22. Hayman, K. J., Kerse, N., & Consedine, N. S. (2017). Resilience in context: the special case of advanced age. Aging & Mental Health, 21(6), 577–585.
  23. Hotelling, H., & Pabst, M. R. (1936). Rank correlation and tests of significance involving no assumption of normality. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics, 7(1), 29–43.
  24. Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55.
  25. Kalinkara, V. (2014). Basic Gerontology: The Science of Aging (2nd ed.). Nobel Publishing.
  26. Karairmak, O. (2010). Establishing the psychometric qualities of the connor–davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in a trauma survivor sample. Psychiatry Research, 179(3), 350–356.
  27. Kusz, H., & Ahmad, A. (2020). Preserving engagement, nurturing resilience. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, 36(4), 601–612.
  28. Lai, D. W. L., & Li, J. (2022). Personality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Hong Kong Chinese older people: resilience as a mediator and financial status as a moderator. Aging & Mental Health, 26(12), 2424–2431.
  29. Lima, G. S., Figueira, A. L. G., Carvalho, E. C. de, Kusumota, L., & Caldeira, S. (2023). Resilience in older people: A concept analysis. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 11(18), 1–16.
  30. MacLeod, S., Musich, S., Hawkins, K., Alsgaard, K., & Wicker, E. R. (2016). The impact of resilience among older adults. Geriatric Nursing, 37(4), 266–272.
  31. Manrique-Ruiz Tapia, M. A., Macías-López, M. P., Murcia-Casas, D. Z., Ramírez, G. L., Barreto, K. T., Torres, L. C. B., Munevar, F. R., & Soares-Filho, P. S. D. (2022). Adaptation and psychometric properties of the electronic cigarette dependence index (ECDI) in a Colombian sample. International Journal of Psychological Research, 15(1), 20–29.
  32. Martin, A. S., Distelberg, B., Palmer, B. W., & Jeste, D. V. (2015). Development of a new multidimensional individual and interpersonal resilience measure for older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 19(1), 32–45.
  33. Mia, M., Majri, Y., & Rahman, I. K. A. (2019). Covariance based-structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) using AM-OS in management research. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 21(1), 56–61.
  34. Netuveli, G., & Blane, D. (2008). Quality of life in older ages. British Medical Bulletin, 85(1), 113–126.
  35. Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory (2d ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
  36. Ozdamar, K. (2017). Scale and Test Development Structural Equation Modeling. Sözkesen Printing. Resnick, B. (2014). Resilience in older adults. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, 30(3), 155–163.
  37. Saygili, S. (2017). Psychology of Aging. Türdav Publications.
  38. Sinclair, V. G., & Wallston, K. A. (2004). The development and psychometric evaluation of the brief resilient coping scale. Assessment, 11(1), 94–101.
  39. Smith, J. L., & Hollinger-Smith, L. (2015). Savoring, resilience, and psychological well-being in older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 19(3), 192–200.
  40. Stein, F., Rice, M. S., & Cutler, S. K. (2013). Clinical research in occupational therapy (Fifth Edition). Streiner, D. L. (2003). Starting at the beginning: an introduction to coefficient alpha and internal consistency. Journal of Personality Assessment, 80(1), 99–103.
  41. Streiner, D. L., Norman, G. R., & Cairney, J. (2015). Health measurement scales (Fifth Edition). Oxford University Press.
  42. Tan, J. Y., Tam, W. S. W., Goh, H. S., Ow, C. C., & Wu, X. V. (2021). Impact of sense of coherence, resilience and loneliness on quality of life amongst older adults in long-term care: a correlational study using the salutogenic model. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 77(11), 4471–4489.
  43. Tinsley, H. E. A., & Tinsley, D. J. (1987). Uses of factor analysis in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34(4), 414–424.
  44. Turkmen, H., Eksioglu, A., Tuna Oran, N., & Erdogan, A. (2023). Readiness for weaning scale: development and psychometric measurement study. Infant and Child Development, 33, e2471, 1–15.
  45. Van Leeuwen, K. M., Van Loon, M. S., Van Nes, F. A., Bosmans, J. E., De Veti, H. C. W., Ket, J. C. F., Widdershoven, G. A. M., & Ostelo, R. W. J. G. (2019). What does quality of life mean to older adults? a thematic synthesis. Plos One, 14(3), e0213263.
  46. von Eisenhart Rothe, A., Zenger, M., Lacruz, M. E., Emeny, R., Baumert, J., Haefner, S., & Ladwig, K.-H. (2013). Validation and development of a shorter version of the resilience scale RS-11: results from the population-based KORA–age study. BMC Psychology, 1(1), 1–7.
  47. Wagnild, G. M., & Young, H. M. (1993). Development and psychometric evaluation of the resilience scale. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 1(2), 165–178.
  48. Wen, Z., Peng, S., Yang, L., Wang, H., Liao, X., Liang, Q., & Zhang, X. (2023). Factors associated with social isolation in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 24(3), 322-330.
  49. Wild, K., Wiles, J. L., & Allen, R. E. S. (2013). Resilience: thoughts on the value of the concept for critical gerontology. Ageing & Society, 33(1), 137–158.
  50. Williams, B., Onsman, A., & Brown, T. (2010). Exploratory factor analysis: a five-step guide for novices. Journal of Emergency Primary Health Care (JEPHC), 8(3), 1–13.
  51. World Health Organization. (2023). Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health and ageing. World Health Organization. https: //shorturl.at/3jHps
  52. Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41.