Journals / International Journal of Social Inquiry / 2024 / Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3

Tackling the COVID-19 Pandemic in Türkiye in the Context of Local Service Delivery Paradigms

Nisa Erdem(KARADENİZ TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-8258-9338
Pages
507–529
Publication Date
2024-12-25
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In the realization of these policies in Türkiye, despite the influence of many methods in the context of various service delivery administrations, such as local government, intergovernmental, local governance, e-municipality, and city diplomacy, it is seen that the directives of the central government are predominantly effective, and local governments do not use the cooperation method effectively.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Many researchers have investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cities and conducted studies in urban areas to understand the various response efforts.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on metropolitan municipalities in the context of the local service delivery paradigms.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:In the realization of these policies in Türkiye, despite the influence of many methods in the context of various service delivery administrations, such as local government, intergovernmental, local governance, e-municipality, and city diplomacy, it is seen that the directives of the central government are predominantly effective, and local governments do not use the cooperation method effectively.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2020 Verileri
⚙️Variables:COVID-19 pandemic · Local government · Paradigm

Abstract

Many researchers have investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cities and conducted studies in urban areas to understand the various response efforts. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on metropolitan municipalities in the context of the local service delivery paradigms. In this context, the study examined the activities carried out by the top five most populous provinces in Türkiye (Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, Antalya, Konya, Kocaeli, Şanlıurfa, Adana) between 2020 and 2021 within the scope of fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. The data obtained on the activities of the metropolitan municipalities were evaluated through content analysis, and content coding was performed using the MAXQDA program. In the realization of these policies in Türkiye, despite the influence of many methods in the context of various service delivery administrations, such as local government, intergovernmental, local governance, e-municipality, and city diplomacy, it is seen that the directives of the central government are predominantly effective, and local governments do not use the cooperation method effectively.

Özet

Many researchers have investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cities and conducted studies in urban areas to understand the various response efforts. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on metropolitan municipalities in the context of the local service delivery paradigms. In this context, the study examined the activities carried out by the top five most populous provinces in Türkiye (Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, Antalya, Konya, Kocaeli, Şanlıurfa, Adana) between 2020 and 2021 within the scope of fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. The data obtained on the activities of the metropolitan municipalities were evaluated through content analysis, and content coding was performed using the MAXQDA program. In the realization of these policies in Türkiye, despite the influence of many methods in the context of various service delivery administrations, such as local government, intergovernmental, local governance, e-municipality, and city diplomacy, it is seen that the directives of the central government are predominantly effective, and local governments do not use the cooperation method effectively.

🔖

Cite This Article

Erdem, N. (2024). Tackling the COVID-19 Pandemic in Türkiye in the Context of Local Service Delivery Paradigms. International Journal of Social Inquiry, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 3, 507–529. https://doi.org/10.37093/ijsi.1489851

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (67)

  1. Acuto, M., Kosovac, A., & Hartley, K. (2021). City diplomacy: Another generational shift? Diplomatica, 3(1), 137–146. https://doi.org/10.1163/25891774-03010007
  2. Acuto, M., Larcom, S., Keil, R., Ghojeh, M., Lindsay, T., Camponeschi, C., & Parnell, S. (2020). Seeing COVID-19 through an urban lens. Nature Sustainability, 3(12), 977–978. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-00620-3
  3. Adana Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2021). 2020 Faaliyet Raporu [2020 Activity Report]. https://www.adana.bel.tr/panel/uploads/yillikfaaliyetraporlari_v/files/abb-yillik-faaliyet-2020.pdf
  4. Akıllı Şehir. (2024). Akıllı şehir Türkiye örnekleri [Smart city examples in Türkiye]. Retrieved August 01, 2024, from https://www.akillisehir.com/idet/77/990/akilli-sehir-turkiye-ornekleri
  5. Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2021). 2020 Faaliyet Raporu [2020 Activity Report]. https://s.ankara.bel.tr/files/2022/04/13/f9bef5ef1a652d26dcee80f2496cf550.pdf
  6. Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2022). 2021 Faaliyet Raporu [2021 Activity Report]. https://s.ankara.bel.tr/files/2022/04/20/82a847b1e04a4e9f7d6b48d7e8ff52db.pdf
  7. Antalya Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2021). 2020 Faaliyet Raporu [2020 Activity Report]. https://www.antalya.bel.tr/Content/UserFiles/Files/2020-YILI-FAALIYET-RAPORU-WEB.pdf
  8. Antalya Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2022). 2021 Faaliyet Raporu [2021 Activity Report]. https://www.antalya.bel.tr/Content/UserFiles/Files/2021-YILI-FAALIYET-RAPORU-WEB.pdf
  9. Anthem P. (2020, April 16). Risk of hunger pandemic as coronavirus set to almost double acute hunger by end of 2020. World Food Programme. https://www.wfp.org/stories/risk-hunger-pandemic-coronavirus-set-almost-double-acute-hunger-end-2020
  10. Ayuningtyas, D., Islam, H., Hasibuan, S. U., Margaretha, C., Naziihah, N., Fitrianingrum, N. M., Larasanti, A., & Ayuni, Q. (2022). Implementation of social assistance in the era of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Evaluation of transparency and accountability aspects. Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi, 8(1), 51–62. https://doi.org/10.32697/integritas.v8i1.796
  11. Baginsky, M., & Manthorpe, J. (2020). Managing through COVID-19: The experiences of children’s social care in 15 English local authorities. NIHR Policy Research Unit in Health and Social Care Workforce, The Policy Institute, King's College London.
  12. Bay, A., & Çalışkan, V. (2022, October 12-14). Covid-19 pandemisi’nin kardeş şehir anlaşmalarına etkisinin büyükşehir belediyeleri ölçeğinde değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sister city agreements at the metropolitan municipal scale]. In TÜCAUM 2022 International Geography Symposium (pp. 16–29). Ankara. https://tucaum.ankara.edu.tr/wp-content/uploads/sites/280/2022/12/TM-03-Arda-BAY-16-29.pdf
  13. Beck, D. J., & Gwilym, H. (2023). The food bank: A safety-net in place of welfare security in times of austerity and the Covid-19 crisis. Social Policy and Society, 22(3), 545–561. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474746421000907
  14. Bıçkı, D., & Sobacı, M. Z. (2011). Yerel yönetimden yerel yönetişime: Post-fordizm bağlamında yerel yönetimleri anlamak [From local government to local governance: Understanding local administrations in the context of post-fordism]. Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(2), 217–233. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/705248
  15. Bimay, M., & Kaypak, Ş. (2022). Küresel salgın (Covid-19) süreci ve yerel yönetimlerin hizmet sunumunda yapısal ve işlevsel değişimler [Global pandemic (Covid-19) process and structural and functional changes in service provision of local governments]. Dicle Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(23), 431–455. https://doi.org/10.53092/duiibfd.1039135
  16. Cansever, İ. H., & Cansever, N. (2023). Covid-19 sürecinde kentsel direnç oluşturma yolunda il hıfzısıhha kurulları: Isparta örneği [A provincial sanitation board to build urban resistance during Covid-19: The case of Isparta]. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(3), 633–650. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.1213362
  17. Clement, J., Esposito, G., & Crutzen, N. (2023). Municipal pathways in response to COVID-19: A strategic management perspective on local public administration resilience. Administration & Society, 55(1), 3–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/00953997221100382
  18. Dzigbede, K. D., Gehl, S. B., & Willoughby, K. (2020). Disaster resiliency of U.S. local governments: Insights to strengthen local response and recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic. Public Administration Review, 80(4), 634–643. https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.13249
  19. Erençin, A. (2002). Yerel yönetimler ve yeni kamu yönetimi tartışmaları [Local governments and new public management debates]. Çağdaş Yerel Yönetimler, 11(4), 25–40. https://cyy.hacibayram.edu.tr/documents/article/3/11/4/2_erencin.pdf
  20. Eser, H. B., Memişoglu, D., & Özdamar, G. (2011). Sosyal siyasetin üretilmesi sürecinde refah devletinden neo-liberal devlete geçiş: Devletin kamu hizmeti sunma işlevinin değişimi [Transition of welfare state to neo-liberal state in the process of making social policy: The change in public service provision function of the state]. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 16(2), 201–217. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/194488
  21. Etiler, N. (2020, September 17). Yerel yönetimler ve salgınlarla mücadele [Local governments and combating pandemics]. In COVID-19 Pandemisi Altıncı Ay Değerlendirme Raporu (pp. 67–73). Türk Tabipleri Birliği. https://www.ttb.org.tr/kutuphane/covid19-rapor_6/covid19-rapor_6_Part11.pdf
  22. Fan, Y., Orford, S., & Hubbard, P. (2023). Urban public health emergencies and the COVID-19 pandemic. Part 2: Infrastructures, urban governance and civil society. Urban Studies, 60(9), 1535–1547. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231170741
  23. Gao, X., & Yu, J. (2020). Public governance mechanism in the prevention and control of the COVID-19: Information, decision-making and execution. Journal of Chinese Governance, 5(2), 178–197. https://doi.org/10.1080/23812346.2020.1744922
  24. Hendriks, F., & Tops, P. (1999). Between democracy and efficiency: trends in local government reform in the Netherlands and Germany. Public Administration, 77(1), 133-153.
  25. İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2021). 2020 Faaliyet Raporu [2020 Activity Report]. https://uploads.ibb.istanbul/uploads/faaliyet_raporu_2020_e0aa3d6283.pdf
  26. İstanbul Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2022). 2021 Faaliyet Raporu [2021 Activity Report]. https://uploads.ibb.istanbul/uploads/2021_faaliyet_raporu_d3312cb4c4.pdf
  27. İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2021). 2020 Faaliyet Raporu [2020 Activity Report]. https://www.izmir.bel.tr/YuklenenDosyalar/Dokumanlar/43_30042021_044242_2020_faaliyet-raporu.pdf.pdf
  28. İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2022). 2021 Faaliyet Raporu [2021 Activity Report]. https://www.izmir.bel.tr/YuklenenDosyalar/Dokumanlar/43_29042022_120114_29042022111147186_1.pdf.pdf
  29. Karataş, A., & Gördeles Beşer, N. (2021). Yerel yönetim birimleri olarak belediyelerin salgın hastalıklar konusundaki sorumlulukları: Covid 19 Pandemisi örneği [The responsibilities of municipalities as local government units on epidemic diseases: Example of Covid 19 Pandemia]. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(4), 1340–1351. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.868966
  30. Kihlgren Grandi, L. (2020). Economic city diplomacy. In L. Kihlgren Grandi (Ed.), City Diplomacy (pp. 83–95). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60717-3_5
  31. Klijn, E. H., & Koppenjan, J. (2012). Governance network theory: past, present and future. Policy & Politics, 40(4), 587–606. https://doi.org/10.1332/030557312X655431
  32. Kocaeli Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2021). 2020 Faaliyet Raporu [2020 Activity Report]. https://www.kocaeli.bel.tr/webfiles/userfiles/files/faaliyet-raporlari/2020%20Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1%20Faaliyet%20Rapor.pdf.pdf
  33. Kocaeli Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2022). 2021 Faaliyet Raporu [2021 Activity Report]. https://www.kocaeli.bel.tr/webfiles/userfiles/files/birimler/mali-hizmetler-dairesi-baskanligi/2021%20Y%C4%B1l%C4%B1%20Faaliyet%20Raporu.pdf
  34. Konya Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2021). 2020 Faaliyet Raporu [2020 Activity Report]. https://sepet.konya.bel.tr/kbb/kbb/dosyalar/faaliyet_raporlar/2020FaaliyetRaporu.pdf
  35. Konya Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2022). 2021 Faaliyet Raporu [2021 Activity Report]. https://sepet.konya.bel.tr/kbb/kbb/dosyalar/faaliyet_raporlar/2021FaaliyetRaporu.pdf
  36. Kosovac, A., Hartley, K., Acuto, M., & Gunning, D. (2020, October). Conducting city diplomacy. The Chicago Council on Global Affairs. Retrieved June 19, 2023, from https://globalaffairs.org/sites/default/files/2020-12/ccga_citydiplomacy_2020_0.pdf
  37. Kosovac, A., Hartley, K., Acuto, M., & Gunning, D. (2021). City leaders go abroad: A survey of city diplomacy in 47 cities. Urban Policy and Research, 39(2), 127–142. https://doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2021.1886071
  38. Kuruhalil, İ., Özyazıcı, A., & Hosseinnezhad, F. (2021). Türkiye’de Covid-19 pandemisi döneminde sosyal hizmet [Social work during the Covid-19 pandemic period in Turkey]. Türkiye Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(1), 1–18. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/tushad/issue/62842/908945
  39. Lambert, H., Gupte, J., Fletcher, H., Hammond, L., Lowe, N., Pelling, M., Raina, N., Shahid, T., & Shanks, K. (2020). COVID-19 as a global challenge: Towards an inclusive and sustainable future. The Lancet Planetary Health, 4(8), 312–314. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30168-6
  40. Li, Y., Chandra, Y., & Kapucu, N. (2020). Crisis coordination and the role of social media in response to COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. The American Review of Public Administration, 50(6-7), 698–705. https://doi.org/10.1177/0275074020942105
  41. Manzano Gómez, N. A. (2023). Planning for social distancing: How the legacy of historical epidemics shaped COVID-19’s spread in Madrid. Urban Studies, 60(9), 1570–1587. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980221110337
  42. Miller, E. A. (2020). Protecting and improving the lives of older adults in the COVID-19 era. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 32(4–5), 297–309. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2020.1780104
  43. Ömürgönülşen, U. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisinin kamu yönetimine etkileri ve bu etkiler üzerine yapılacak çalışmalara yönelik genel bir çerçeve arayışı [The search for a general framework on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on public administration and the studies to be conducted on these effects]. In K. A. Koçak (Ed.), COVID-19: Küresel Salgının Siyasi, Sosyal ve Ekonomik Yansımaları. Türk Akademisi Siyasi Sosyal Stratejik Araştırmalar Vakfı (TASAV).
  44. Pekküçükşen, Ş. & Yıldırım, B. (2021). Pandemi sürecinde büyükşehir belediyelerinin halkla ilişkiler aracı olarak sosyal medya kullanımı [The use of social media as a public relations tool during the pandemic by metropolitan municipalities]. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 18(43), 6708–6731. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.898016
  45. Pipa, A. F., & Bouchet, M. (2020a). How to make the most of city diplomacy in the COVID-19 era. Retrieved June 15, 2023, from https://www.brookings.edu-blog-up-front-2020-08-06-how-to-make-the-most-of-citydiplomacy-in-the-covid-19-era
  46. Pipa, A. F., & Bouchet, M. (2020b). Multilateralism restored? City diplomacy in the COVID-19 Era. The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 15(4), 599–610. https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191X-BJA10043
  47. Provan, K. G., & Kenis, P. (2008). Modes of network governance: Structure, management, and effectiveness. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 18(2), 229–252. https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/mum015
  48. Ren, X. (2020). Pandemic and lockdown: A territorial approach to COVID-19 in China, Italy and the United States. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 61(4–5), 423–434. https://doi.org/10.1080/15387216.2020.1762103
  49. Rudakowska, A., & Simon, C. (2020). International city cooperation in the fight against Covid-19: Behind the scenes security providers. Global Policy, 1–14. https://www.globalpolicyjournal.com/articles/health-and-social-policy/international-city-cooperation-fight-against-covid-19-behind
  50. Sharifi, A., & Khavarian-Garmsir, A. R. (2020). The covid-19 pandemic: Impacts on cities and major lessons for urban planning, design, and management. Science of the Total Environment, 749, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142391
  51. Simon, D., Arano, A., Cammisa, M., Perry, B., Pettersson, S., Riise, J., Valencia, S., Oloko, M., Sharma, T., Vora, Y., & Smit, W. (2021). Cities coping with COVID-19: Comparative perspectives. City, 25(1–2), 129–170. https://doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2021.1894012
  52. Sobacı, M. Z., & Köseoğlu, Ö. (2015). Yeni kamu yönetişimi: Birlikte üretmenin ve iş birliğinin teorik çerçevesi [New public governance: The theoretical framework of co-production and collaboration]. In Ö. Köseoğlu & M. Z. Sobacı (Eds), Kamu Yönetiminde Paradigma Arayışları, Yeni Kamu İşletmeciliği ve Ötesi. Dora Yayıncılık.
  53. Solarczyk, A. (2020, April 08). Chinese sister city sending masks to Fort Wayne. Wane.com. Retrieved August 01, 2024, from https://www.wane.com/news/local-news/chinese-sister-city-sending-masks-to-fort-wayne
  54. Şanlıurfa Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2021). 2020 Faaliyet Raporu [2020 Activity Report]. https://www.sanliurfa.bel.tr/files/1/2020_faaliyet_raporu.pdf
  55. Şanlıurfa Büyükşehir Belediyesi. (2022). 2021 Faaliyet Raporu [2021 Activity Report]. https://www.sanliurfa.bel.tr/files/1/2021_faaliyet_raporu.pdf
  56. Şengül, H. T. (1999). Yerel yönetim kuramları: Yönetimden yönetişime. Çağdaş Yerel Yönetimler, 8(3), 3–19. https://cyy.hacibayram.edu.tr/documents/article/3/8/3/1_sengul.pdf
  57. Tavukcu, M., & Eke, E. (2021). Covid-19 pandemi yönetim süreci: Türkiye perspektifi [Covid-19 pandemic management process: Turkey perspective]. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sağlık Yönetimi Dergisi, 3(2), 106–123. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1859220
  58. Türk Tabipleri Birliği. (2020). Yerel yönetimler ve salgınlarla mücadele, Türk Tabipler Birliği Covid-19 pandemisi 6. ay değerlendirme raporu. Retrieved August 01, 2024, from https://www.ttb.org.tr/kutuphane/covid19-rapor_6.pdf
  59. UNESCO. (2020). COVID-19 Recovery, Retrieved June 16, 2023, from https://www.unesco.org/en/covid-19/education-response
  60. Urhan, G. & Arslankoç, S. (2021). COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde sosyal politika ve yerel yönetimler: İstanbul ilçe belediyeleri örneği [Social policy and local governments during the COVID19 pandemic: The case of district municipalities in Istanbul]. Çalışma ve Toplum, 2(69), 945–980. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ct/issue/71778/1155054
  61. Uzun, A. (2020). Kötü huylu problem perspektifinden covid-19 pandemisi ile mücadele stratejileri: Teorik ve pratik bir analiz [Strategies for tackling Covid-19 pandemic from the wicked problem perspective: A theoretical and practical analysis]. Electronic Turkish Studies, 15(4), 1193–1214. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44362
  62. Wilkinson, A., Ali, H., Bedford, J., Boonyabancha, S., Connolly, C., Conteh, A., Dean, L., Decorte, F., Dercon, B., Dias, S., Dodman, D., Duijsens, R., D’Urzo, S., Eamer, G., Earle, L., Gupte, J., Frediani, A. A., Hasan, A., Hawkins, K., … Whittaker, L. (2020). Local response in health emergencies: Key considerations for addressing the COVID-19 pandemic in informal urban settlements. Environment and Urbanization, 32(2), 503–522. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247820922843
  63. World Health Organization. (2020). Retrieved July 31, 2024, from https://www.who.int/csr/sarsarchive/2003_05_07a/en
  64. World Health Organization. (2023). Retrieved December 28, 2023, from https://covid19.who.int/region/euro/country/tr
  65. World Health Organization. (2023). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Retrieved June 15, 2023, from https://www.who.int/europe/emergencies/situations/covid-19
  66. Yılmaz, M. (2021). Yeni kamu yönetimi açısından Türkiye'de COVID-19'un değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of Covid-19 in Turkey in Terms of New Public Administration]. Artuklu Kaime Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Araştırmalar Dergisi, 4(1), 73–87. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/artuklu/issue/62583/891451
  67. Ayuningtyas, D., Islam, H., Hasibuan, S. U., Margaretha, C., Naziihah, N., Fitrianingrum, N. M., Larasanti, A., & Ayuni, Q. (2022). Implementation of social assistance in the era of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Evaluation of transparency and accountability aspects. Integritas: Jurnal Antikorupsi, 8(1), 51–62. https://doi.org/10.32697/integritas.v8i1.796