Journals / Güvenlik Stratejileri Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 22 Sayı: 53

Iran’s Dual Strategy in the Middle East: Proxy Warfare, Nuclear Ambitions, and Strategic Recalibration

Orta Doğu’da İran’ın İkili Stratejisi: Vekâlet Savaşı, Nükleer Hırslar ve Stratejik Yeniden Yapılanma

Habib Badawi(Lebanese University)0000-0002-6452-8379
Pages
62–73
Publication Date
2026-04-27
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The findings reveal that Iran’s proxy network strategy creates strategic depth and asymmetric deterrence capabilities, while its nuclear program serves as a long-term deterrent against regime change.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Iran’s foreign policy in the Middle East is characterized by a dual strategy of proxy warfare and nuclear ambitions, which together form the backbone of its regional influence.
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Key Findings & Data:The strategic landscape shifted dramatically following the events of October 7, 2023, and the subsequent 2024 setbacks, including the fall of the Assad regime in Syria and the significant degradation of Hezbollah’s capabilities, which challenged but did not fundamentally negate this dual strategy.
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Conclusion & Impact:The findings reveal that Iran’s proxy network strategy creates strategic depth and asymmetric deterrence capabilities, while its nuclear program serves as a long-term deterrent against regime change.
🔬Design:Araştırma Makalesi
📍Scope:2023 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Asimetrik Caydırıcılık · İran Nükleer Programı · Orta Doğu Güvenliği

Abstract

Iran’s foreign policy in the Middle East is characterized by a dual strategy of proxy warfare and nuclear ambitions, which together form the backbone of its regional influence. The strategic landscape shifted dramatically following the events of October 7, 2023, and the subsequent 2024 setbacks, including the fall of the Assad regime in Syria and the significant degradation of Hezbollah’s capabilities, which challenged but did not fundamentally negate this dual strategy. Rather, these developments compelled a strategic recalibration that reveals both the resilience and the inherent vulnerabilities of Iran’s approach. This analysis employs a focused theoretical framework integrating neorealist security dilemma theory and regime survival theory as primary analytical lenses, complemented by strategic culture theory to contextualize ideological constraints. The findings reveal that Iran’s proxy network strategy creates strategic depth and asymmetric deterrence capabilities, while its nuclear program serves as a long-term deterrent against regime change. While the “Unification of Arenas” strategy suffered significant disruption in 2024, Iran’s strategic posture has demonstrated adaptive resilience through accelerated nuclear advancement and reconstitution efforts across remaining proxy theaters. However, this dual approach also generates escalating regional militarization and alliance formation against Iranian interests, creating a security dilemma that may ultimately undermine Iran’s objectives.

Özet

İran’ın Orta Doğu’daki dış politikası; bölgesel nüfuzun temel eksenlerini oluşturan vekâlet savaşı ve nükleer hırslar olmak üzere ikili bir strateji ile şekillenmektedir. 07 Ekim 2023 sonrasında yaşanan Suriye’de Esad rejiminin yıkılışı ve Hizbullah’ın askerî kapasitesinin ciddi ölçüde aşınması gibi gelişmeler bu ikili stratejiyi temelden geçersiz kılmamıştır. Aksine, İran’ı yaklaşımının güçlü ve kırılgan yönlerini açığa çıkaran stratejik bir yeniden yapılanmaya zorlamıştır. Bu çalışma, neorealist güvenlik ikilemi teorisi ve rejim hayatta kalma teorisini temel analitik çerçeve olarak benimserken stratejik kültür teorisini ise ideolojik kısıtlamaları bağlamlandırmak amacıyla tamamlayıcı bir lens olarak kullanmaktadır. Tüm bunlardan hareketle bulgular, İran’ın vekâlet ağı stratejisinin stratejik derinlik ve asimetrik caydırıcılık kapasitesi yarattığını; nükleer programın ise rejim değişikliğine karşı uzun vadeli bir caydırıcı işlev gördüğünü ortaya koymaktadır. “Arenaların Birleştirilmesi” stratejisi 2024’te önemli aksaklıklara uğramış olsa da İran, hızlandırılmış nükleer ilerleme ve kalan vekâlet tiyatrolarındaki yeniden yapılanma çabaları aracılığıyla uyumsal bir direnç sergilemiştir. Bununla birlikte, bu ikili yaklaşım bölgesel askerîleşmeyi tırmandırmakta ve İran’ın hedeflerini nihai olarak zayıflatabilecek bir güvenlik ikilemi doğurmaktadır.

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Cite This Article

Badawi, H., *, H. B. (2026). Iran’s Dual Strategy in the Middle East: Proxy Warfare, Nuclear Ambitions, and Strategic Recalibration. Güvenlik Stratejileri Dergisi, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 53, 62–73. https://doi.org/10.17752/guvenlikstrtj.1729750

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