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Journals / Çocuk Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1

XANTHOGRANULOMATOUS GLOMERULONEPHRITIS MIMICKING MALIGNANCY IN A TWO-YEAR-OLD CHILD: A RARE CASE REPORT

Ayşe Şimşek(Konya Şehir Hastanesi)0000-0001-9250-078X
Mustafa Soran(KONYA ŞEHİR HASTANESİ)0000-0001-9735-235X
Ali Sezer(KONYA ŞEHİR HASTANESİ)0000-0003-2904-2610
Bilge Türedi Sezer(KONYA ŞEHİR HASTANESİ)0000-0003-3532-0912
Pages
63–67
Publication Date
2026-06-15
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

This case underscores the diagnostic challenge and the importance of timely surgical and histopathological confirmation when pediatric renal masses mimic cancer.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:Xanthogranulomatous glomerulonephritis/pyelonephritis is an uncommon inflammatory condition in children and can present as a renal mass, closely mimicking malignant tumors on imaging.
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Key Findings & Data:Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an enlarged, non-functioning left kidney with necrotic-appearing areas and diffusion restriction, raising suspicion for malignancy.
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Conclusion & Impact:This case underscores the diagnostic challenge and the importance of timely surgical and histopathological confirmation when pediatric renal masses mimic cancer.
🔬Design:Olgu Sunumu
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGPN) · Hodgkin lymphoma · Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

Abstract

Xanthogranulomatous glomerulonephritis/pyelonephritis is an uncommon inflammatory condition in children and can present as a renal mass, closely mimicking malignant tumors on imaging. We report a two-year-old girl who presented with abdominal distension and severe anemia. Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated an enlarged, non-functioning left kidney with necrotic-appearing areas and diffusion restriction, raising suspicion for malignancy. Because imaging could not exclude a tumor and the mass persisted despite antibiotics, nephrectomy with lymph node sampling was performed. Histopathology confirmed xanthogranulomatous inflammation and excluded malignancy. This case underscores the diagnostic challenge and the importance of timely surgical and histopathological confirmation when pediatric renal masses mimic cancer.

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Cite This Article

Şimşek, A., Soran, M., Sezer, A., Sezer, B. T. (2026). XANTHOGRANULOMATOUS GLOMERULONEPHRITIS MIMICKING MALIGNANCY IN A TWO-YEAR-OLD CHILD: A RARE CASE REPORT. Çocuk Dergisi, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 63–67. https://doi.org/10.26650/jchild.2026.1640287

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