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Journals / Spor Bilimleri Dergisi / 2025 / Cilt: 36 Sayı: 4

Gameful Experience Questionnaire: Validity and Reliability in Turkish Culture

Oyunsal Deneyim Ölçeği: Türk Kültüründe Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Buket Aydemir(İstanbul Yeni Yüzyıl Üniversitesi, Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Rekreasyon Bölümü)0000-0001-9567-5382
Zekai Pehlevan(MERSİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SPOR BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-4532-2508
Hüseyin Gümüş(MERSİN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SPOR BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0003-4059-3640
Pages
322–332
Publication Date
2025-12-05
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The research revealed that the Turkish version of the Gameful Experience Questionnaire provides valid and reliable results.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:The aim of this study is to adapt the Gameful Experience Questionnaire (GAMEFULQUEST) developed by Högberg et al. (2019) to Turkish culture and to test the validity and reliability.
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Key Findings & Data:In this regard, the scale items were translated into the Turkish language using the back-translation method, and then data were collected from 617 participants (X̄ = 35.78 ± 9.93), with 523 males (X̄ = 35.79 ± 9.94) and 94 females (X̄ = 35.72 ± 9.88) actively using gamified physical activity applications including Strava, Garmin, Nike Run Club and Adidas Running.
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Conclusion & Impact:The research revealed that the Turkish version of the Gameful Experience Questionnaire provides valid and reliable results.
🔬Design:Survey & Empirical Study
📍Scope:2019 Verileri
⚙️Variables:Oyunlaştırma · Oyunsal deneyim · Fiziksel aktivite

Abstract

The aim of this study is to adapt the Gameful Experience Questionnaire (GAMEFULQUEST) developed by Högberg et al. (2019) to Turkish culture and to test the validity and reliability. In this regard, the scale items were translated into the Turkish language using the back-translation method, and then data were collected from 617 participants (X̄ = 35.78 ± 9.93), with 523 males (X̄ = 35.79 ± 9.94) and 94 females (X̄ = 35.72 ± 9.88) actively using gamified physical activity applications including Strava, Garmin, Nike Run Club and Adidas Running. The 7-point Likert-type scale had 7 factors with 56 items. Consistent with the original scale, the factors were named as accomplishment, challenge, competition, guided, immersion, playfulness, and social experience. Confirmatory factor analysis results for construct validity were consistent with the 7-factor structure of the original scale. The goodness of fit values were χ²/df = 2.964, CFI = .906, TLI = .901, RMSEA = .056, and SRMR = .055. The standardized factor loadings of the scale items ranged between .55 and .90. AVE and CR values showed that the scale had convergent validity (AVE > .56, CR > .90, CR > AVE). In addition, the correlation coefficients between the factors ranged between .48 and .79. The Heterotrait-Monotrait (HTMT) criterion was used to test the divergent validity of the scale, and the HTMT values below .90 indicated that the factors differed from each other; thus, the divergent validity of the scale was achieved. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the factors ranged between .90 and .95 while CR values ranged between .91 and .95. The research revealed that the Turkish version of the Gameful Experience Questionnaire provides valid and reliable results.

Özet

Bu çalışmanın amacı Högberg ve diğerleri (2019) tarafından geliştirilen Oyunsal Deneyim Ölçeği’nin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması, elde edilen ölçümlerin geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin sınanmasıdır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda ölçek maddeleri çeviri - geri çeviri yöntemi ile Türk diline çevrilmiş, ardından Strava, Garmin, Nike Run Club ve Adidas Running adlı oyunlaştırılmış fiziksel aktivite uygulamalarını aktif olarak kullanan, 523’ü erkek (X̄ = 35,79 ± 9,94), 94’ü kadın (X̄ = 35,72 ± 9,88) olmak üzere toplam 617 katılımcıdan (X̄ = 35,78 ± 9,93) veri toplanmıştır. Yedili Likert tipindeki ölçek 56 madde ve 7 faktörden oluşmaktadır. Faktörler, özgün ölçek ile uyumlu bir biçimde sırasıyla başarı, meydan okuma, rekabet, yönlendirilme, yoğunlaşma, oyunculluk ve sosyal deneyim olarak adlandırılmıştır. Yapı geçerliğine ilişkin doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçları, orijinal ölçeğin yedi faktörlü yapısı ile tutarlı bulunmuştur. Uyum iyiliği değerleri χ²/df = 2,964, CFI = ,906, TLI = ,901, RMSEA = ,056 ve SRMR = ,055 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ölçek maddelerine ait standartlaştırılmış faktör yük değerleri ise ,55 ile ,90 aralığında bulunmuştur. AVE ve CR değerleri ölçeğin yakınsak geçerliğe sahip olduğunu göstermiştir (AVE > ,56; CR > ,90; CR > AVE). Ayrıca faktörler arasındaki korelasyon katsayılarının ,48 ile ,79 aralığında yer aldığı belirlenmiştir. Ölçeğin ıraksak geçerliğinin test edilmesinde Heterotrait-Monotrait (HTMT) kriteri kullanılmış, HTMT değerlerinin ,90’ın altında olması faktörlerin birbirinden ayrıştığını ve ölçeğin ıraksak geçerliğinin sağlandığını göstermiştir. Faktörlere ilişkin Cronbach alfa katsayıları ,90 ile ,95 aralığında, CR değerleri ise ,91 ile ,95 aralığında hesaplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları Oyunsal Deneyim Ölçeği’nin Türkçe versiyonunun geçerli ve güvenilir ölçümler sunduğunu ortaya koymuştur.

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Cite This Article

Aydemir, B., Pehlevan, Z., Gümüş, H. (2025). Gameful Experience Questionnaire: Validity and Reliability in Turkish Culture. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 4, 322–332. https://doi.org/10.17644/sbd.1741828

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