SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Anadolu Araştırmaları / 2024 / Issue: 31

Observations on “inan-” in Hittite Cuneiform Texts

Zekiye Nihan Kırçıl0000-0002-7214-9571
Pages
—
Publication Date
2025-01-14
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In addition, evidence from magic rituals demonstrates that various adjectives were used for the Sun God, and according to the Ayartaša rituals that are discussed in this study, it is apparent that one of the epithets of the Sun God may have been the word inan-.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:In Hittite cuneiform texts, the word inan- has meanings encompassing a certain disease, mental illness, discomfort, malaise, trouble.
📊
Key Findings & Data:Unfortunately, there is no specific definition of the word inan-, which appears in various sources including prayers, rituals, and medical texts.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:In addition, evidence from magic rituals demonstrates that various adjectives were used for the Sun God, and according to the Ayartaša rituals that are discussed in this study, it is apparent that one of the epithets of the Sun God may have been the word inan-.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:inan- · ancient illness · Hittite medicine

Abstract

In Hittite cuneiform texts, the word inan- has meanings encompassing a certain disease, mental illness, discomfort, malaise, trouble. Unfortunately, there is no specific definition of the word inan-, which appears in various sources including prayers, rituals, and medical texts. The exact symptoms of this disease are not given in any of these sources. However, the clues given by the usages of the word inan- in a medical text and a Zuwi ritual suggest that it may have been related to a skin disease, though this is not conclusive, and more evidence is necessary to confirm this. This article also examines other texts in which the word inan- occurs and the effects and treatments of inan- disease that are discussed in these sources. In addition, evidence from magic rituals demonstrates that various adjectives were used for the Sun God, and according to the Ayartaša rituals that are discussed in this study, it is apparent that one of the epithets of the Sun God may have been the word inan-.

🔖

Cite This Article

Kırçıl, Z. N. (2025). Observations on “inan-” in Hittite Cuneiform Texts. Anadolu Araştırmaları, Issue: 31. https://doi.org/10.26650/anar.2024.31.1448472

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (49)

  1. Akdoğan, R. (2007). “inan” ile ilgili yeni bir hititçe tablet parçası, Fs Kosak (Groddek D. - Zorman M. (ed.), Tabularia Hethaeorum Hethitologische Beitrage Silvin Kosak zum 65. Geburtstag, (DBH 25),Wiesbaden), s.1-12. google scholar
  2. Alp, S. (1957). Zu den Körperteilnamen im Hethitischen, Anatolia 2, s.1-47. google scholar
  3. Beckman, G. M. (1990). The Hittite “Ritual of the Ox (CTH 760.I.2-3)”, Orientalia. Commentarii periodici Pontificii Instituti Biblici, Nova Series 59, pp.34-55. google scholar
  4. Böck, B. (2004). The healing goddess Gula: towards an understanding of ancient Babylonian medicine, Leiden: Brill. google scholar
  5. Burde, C. (1974). Hethitische medizinische Texte, (StBoT 19), Wiesbaden. google scholar
  6. Cavigneaux, A. (2009). Deux hymnes sumeriens a Utu, Et ily eut un esprit dans l’Homme: Jean Bottero et la Mesopotamie, Paris, pp.3-18. google scholar
  7. Christiansen, B. (2006). Die Ritualtradition der Ambazzi. Eine philologische Bearbeitung und entstehungsgeschichtliche Analyse der Ritualtexte CTH 391, CTH 429 und CTH 463, (StBoT 48), Wiesbaden. google scholar
  8. Christiansen, B. (2012). Schicksalbestimmende Kommunikation. Sprachliche, gesellschaftliche und religiöse Aspekte hethitischer Fluch-, Segens- und Eidesformeln, (StBoT 53), Wiesbaden. google scholar
  9. Collins, B. J. (1990). The Puppy in Hittite Ritual, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 42, pp.211-226. google scholar
  10. Cotticelli-Kurras, P. (1995). Hethitische Konstruktionen mit verba dicendi und sentiendi, 2HitCongr. (Atti del II Congresso Internazionale di Hittitologia. Pavia 28 giugno - 2 Luglio 1993, (StudMed 9), Pavia), pp.87-100. google scholar
  11. Feder, Y. (2010). The mechanics of retribution in Hittite, Mesopotamian and Ancient Israelite sources, Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions, Volume 10, Issue 2, pp.119-157. google scholar
  12. Friedrich, J. (1952-1954). Hethitisches Wörterbuch. Kurzgefasste kritische Sammlung der Deutungen hethitischer Wörter. 1.-4. Lieferung, Heidelberg. google scholar
  13. Friedrich, J. - Kammenhuber, A. - Giusfredi, F. (ed.) (2014). Hethitisches Wörterbuch. Zweite, völlig neubearbeitete Auflage auf der Grundlage der edierten hethitischen Texte. Band IV/I, Lieferung 23, (HW 2 IV/23), Heidelberg. google scholar
  14. Fuhr, I. (1977). Der Hund als Begleittier der Göttin Gula und anderer Heilgottheiten. Isin-Isan BarıyatI: Die Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen 1973-1974, ed. B. Hrouda. München: Verlag der Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, pp.135-145. google scholar
  15. Garda Trabazo, J. V. (2002). Textos religiosos hititas. Mitos, plegarias y rituales, Madrid. google scholar
  16. George, A. - Black, J. - Postgate, N. (2000). A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian. google scholar
  17. Goetze, A. (1928). Madduwattas, (MVAeG 32), Leipzig. google scholar
  18. Gökçe, A. N. (1989). Pergamon Asklepieion’u ve Tıp Tarihi Açısından Önemi, İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. google scholar
  19. Groddek, D. (1999). “CTH 331: Mythos vom verschwundenen Wettergott oder Aitiologie der Zerstörung Lihzinas?”, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archaologie, vol. 89, no. 1, pp.36-49. google scholar
  20. Güterbock, H. G. - Hoffner, H. A. - van den Hout, Th. P. J. (2005). The Hittite dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago. Vol. S, fasc. 2: -si-, (CHD S/2) Chicago. google scholar
  21. Haas, V. (2003). Materia Magica et Medica Hethitica. Ein Beitrag zur Heilkunde im Alten Orient, Berlin -New York. google scholar
  22. Heimpel, W. (1972-1975). “Hund,” D.O. Edzard (ed.), Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archaologie 4, Berlin - New York. google scholar
  23. Hırçın, S. (1989). Zuwi Ritüeli (:CTH 412), Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi. google scholar
  24. Hoffner, H. A. (2010). The Political Antithesis and Foil of the Labarna in an Old Hittite Text, Fs Hawkins (Singer I. (ed.), ipamati kistamati pari tumatimis - Luwian and Hittite Studies Presented to J. David Hawkins on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday, Tel Aviv), pp.131-139. google scholar
  25. Izre’el, S. (2001). Adapa and the South Wind Language Has the Power of Life and Death. google scholar
  26. Jakob-Rost, L. (1972). Das Ritual der Malli aus Arzawa gegen Behexung (KUB XXIV 9+), (TH 2), Heidelberg. google scholar
  27. Kağnıcı, G. (2018). Eski Mezopotamya Çivi Yazılı Metinlerde Kuduz, Tarihsel Süreçte Anadolu’da Kuduz (Editörler Çağrı Büke, Şükran Köse, Fevzi Çakmak, Eren Akçiçek), Gece Akademi, Ankara. google scholar
  28. Karauğuz, G. (2001). Hitit Mitolojisi, Çizgi Kitabevi, Konya. google scholar
  29. Kloekhorst, A. (2008). Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon, Leiden. google scholar
  30. Lestera, L. U. - Rapinib, R. P. (2009). Kalın bağırsak bozukluklarının cilt bulguları, Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, Cilt 2, s.66-99. google scholar
  31. Mazoyer, M. (2003). Le GI$ eya dans la religion hittite, LArbre, pp.73-80. google scholar
  32. McGrath, W. (2016). The Diagnostic Series SA.GIG: Ancient Innovations and Adaptations, Master of Arts, University of Toronto. google scholar
  33. Metcalf, C. (2011). New parallels in Hittite and Sumerian praise of the Sun, Die Welt des Orients. Wissenschaftliche Beitrage zurKunde des Morgenlandes 41, pp.168-176. google scholar
  34. Murat, L. (2003). Ammihatna Rituelinde Hastalıklar ve Tedavi Yöntemleri, Archivum Anatolicum 6/2, s.89-109. google scholar
  35. Oettinger, N. (1976). Die Militarischen Eide der Hethiter, StBoT 22, Wiesbaden. google scholar
  36. Ornan, T. (2004). The Goddess Gula and Her Dog, Israel Museum Studies in Archaeology 3, pp. 13-30. google scholar
  37. Puhvel, J. (1980). Rev. of: Tischler J. 1977-1983a (Tischler J., Hethitisches Etymologisches Glossar Teil 1, A-K, (IBS 20) Innsbruck), Bibliotheca Orientalis 37, pp.202-205. google scholar
  38. Puhvel, J. (1984). Hittite Etymological Dictionary Vol. 1: Words beginning with A; Vol 2: Words beginning with E and I, Berlin - New York - Amsterdam. google scholar
  39. Reiner, E. - Biggs, R. D. (1984). The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Volume 15 - S, (CAD 15), Chicago. google scholar
  40. Roth, M. (1995). Law Collections from Mesopotamia and Asia Minor, Atlanta. google scholar
  41. Sevinç, F. (2008). Hititlerde Yeraltı Dünyası, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt 9, Sayı 1, s.231-247. google scholar
  42. Steinert, U. (2020). Disease concepts and classifications in ancient Mesopotamian medicine, Medicine and the Body in Antiquity, University of Kent, UK, pp.140-194. google scholar
  43. Stol, M. (1993). Epilepsy in Babylonia. Cuneiform Monographs 2, Groningen. google scholar
  44. Tischler, J. (1977-1983). Hethitisches Etymologisches Glossar Teil 1, A-K, (IBS 20), Innsbruck. google scholar
  45. Ünal, A. (1980). Hitit Tıbbının Ana Hatları [Les traits essentiels de la medicine hittite], Belleten 44(175), s.475-495. google scholar
  46. Ünal, A. (2016). Hititçe Türkçe, Türkçe Hititçe Büyük Sözlük. Hattice, Hurrice, Hiyeroglif Luvicesi, Çivi Yazısı Luvicesi ve Palaca Sözlük Listeleriyle Birlikte/Grand Dictionary of Hittite-Turkish, Turkish-Hittite alongside with Word Lists of Hattian, Hurrian, Hieroglyphic and Cuneiform Luwian and Palaic, Ankara. google scholar
  47. Wolfram, von Soden (1965-1981). Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Unter Benutzung des lexikalischen Nachlasses von Bruno Meissner (1868-1947), Wiesbaden. google scholar
  48. Vanseveren, S. (2020). The vocabulary of the body parts in Hittite in the perspective of Indo-European comparison, Mouton A. 2020a (Mouton A. (ed.), Flesh and Bones. The individual and his body in the Ancient Mediterranean Basin, (Semitica & Classica Supplementa 2), Turnhout), pp.151-169. google scholar
  49. Zinko, M. (2004). Bedeutungswandel im Hethitischen: Zum semantischen Feld KRANKHEIT im Hethitischen, Gs Forrer (Groddek D. - Röfile S. (ed.), Sarnikzel. Hethitologische Studien zum Gedenken an Emil Orgetorix Forrer, (DBH 10) Dresden), pp.667-690. google scholar