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Journals / Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences / 2026 / Volume: 26 Issue: 1

Eisenia foetida (Sav.) coelomic fluid protect human umbilical vein endothelial cells against metformin-induced cell toxicity

Elif Kale Bakır(KOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ, BİYOLOJİ (DR))0000-0002-4266-9517
Asuman Deveci Özkan(SAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ, TIP FAKÜLTESİ, TEMEL TIP BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ, TIBBİ BİYOLOJİ ANABİLİM DALI)0000-0002-3248-4279
Özlem Aksoy(KOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN-EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0003-0969-5171
Yonca Yüzügüllü Karakuş(KOCAELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, FEN-EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ, BİYOLOJİ BÖLÜMÜ)0000-0003-0286-8711
Pages
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Publication Date
2025-04-15
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AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

In this sense, our present preliminary in vitro findings showed that E. foetida coelomic fluid might has great additional treatment potential, and further molecular and animal studies to support this effect are needed.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

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Objective & Hypothesis:The coelomic fluid of the red California earthworm Eisenia foetida (Sav.) includes a number of bioactive substances with antitumor and protective effects, thus making the fluid to also act as a defensive agent for the organism.
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Key Findings & Data:Metformin are widely used for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing hepatic glucose production; however, therapeutic dose-related adverse effects have been reported.
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Conclusion & Impact:In this sense, our present preliminary in vitro findings showed that E. foetida coelomic fluid might has great additional treatment potential, and further molecular and animal studies to support this effect are needed.
🔬Design:Research Article
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Guanidine · Type-2 Diabetes · California worm

Abstract

The coelomic fluid of the red California earthworm Eisenia foetida (Sav.) includes a number of bioactive substances with antitumor and protective effects, thus making the fluid to also act as a defensive agent for the organism. Eisenia foetida coelomic fluid can be used as an alternative medication, for it is readily available and has few adverse effects. Metformin are widely used for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing hepatic glucose production; however, therapeutic dose-related adverse effects have been reported. The present investigation aims to determine, for the first time, the protective effects of E. foetida coelomic fluid against possible metformin toxicity at the molecular and cellular levels. Metformin-induced cell toxicity was conducted following E. foetida coelomic fluid pre-treatment in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC). In addition to cell and nuclear morphology observation, a decrease in reactive oxygen species and apoptotic cell rate was determined. According to the obtained findings, the coelomic fluid of E. foetida preserved cell viability and morphology, reduced reactive oxygen species and apoptosis cell death, and enhanced anti-apoptotic mRNA expressions. When treating diseases, medical support and adjunct therapies should be taken into account. In this sense, our present preliminary in vitro findings showed that E. foetida coelomic fluid might has great additional treatment potential, and further molecular and animal studies to support this effect are needed.

Özet

Kırmızı Kaliforniya solucanı Eisenia foetida'nın (Sav.) sölomik sıvısı, antitümör ve koruyucu etkilere sahip bir dizi biyoaktif maddeyi içerdiğinden, bu sıvının aynı zamanda organizma için bir savunma maddesi olarak da işlev görmesi sağlanmaktadır. Eisenia foetida sölomik sıvısı, kolayca bulunabilmesi ve yan etkilerinin az olması nedeniyle alternatif bir ilaç olarak kullanılabilir. Metformin, insülin duyarlılığını artırarak ve hepatik glukoz üretimini azaltarak tip 2 diyabetin tedavisinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır; ancak terapötik doza bağlı yan etkiler bildirilmiştir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, E. foetida sölomik sıvısının olası metformin toksisitesine karşı moleküler ve hücresel düzeyde koruyucu etkilerini ilk kez belirlemektir. Metformin kaynaklı hücre toksisitesi, E. foetida sölomik sıvısı ön muamelesinin ardından gerçekleştirildi. Hücre ve nükleer morfoloji gözlemine ek olarak, reaktif oksijen türleri ve hücre ölümü üzerindeki koruyucu etkisi belirlendi. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, E. foetida sölomik sıvısı hücre canlılığını ve morfolojisini korudu, reaktif oksijen türlerini ve apoptotik hücre ölümünü azalttı ve anti-apoptotik mRNA ekspresyonlarını arttırdı. Hastalıkların tedavisi, destekleyici bakım ve yardımcı tedavilerin dikkate alınmasını içermelidir. Bu anlamda, bu in vitro ön bulgularımız E. foetida sölomik sıvısının büyük yardımcı tedavi potansiyeline sahip olduğunu gösterdi ve bu etkiyi desteklemek için daha fazla moleküler ve hayvan çalışmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

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Cite This Article

Bakır, E. K., Özkan, A. D., Aksoy, Ö., Karakuş, Y. Y. (2025). Eisenia foetida (Sav.) coelomic fluid protect human umbilical vein endothelial cells against metformin-induced cell toxicity. Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences, Volume: 26 Issue: 1. https://doi.org/10.23902/trkjnat.1598922

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