Journals / Öneri Dergisi / 2026 / Cilt: 17 Sayı: 57

ATTACHMENT STYLES, SOCIAL SUPPORT AND CAREER ADAPTABILITY: ALTERNATIVE MODELS

BAĞLANMA STILLERI, SOSYAL DESTEK VE KARIYER UYUMLULUĞU: ALTERNATIF MODELLER

Evren Erzen(ARTVİN ÇORUH ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-9726-2688
Ahmet Kara(ESKİŞEHİR OSMANGAZİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-1155-619X
Pages
340–364
Publication Date
2022-01-30
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The results show that social support from family, friend and private person has a partial mediating role in the effect of anxious-ambivalent attachment style on career adaptability.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:The aim of this study is to assess the relationships between attachment styles of university students and their social support and career adaptability.
📊
Key Findings & Data:The study group of the study consists of 397 participants, 278 girls (70%) and 119 boys (30%).
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The results show that social support from family, friend and private person has a partial mediating role in the effect of anxious-ambivalent attachment style on career adaptability.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:Bağlanma Stilleri · Sosyal Destek · Kariyer Uyumluluğu

Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess the relationships between attachment styles of university students and their social support and career adaptability. For this purpose, nine models have been tested. Mediator roles of three different social support variables in the effect of three different attachment styles on three different career adaptability were tested. The study group of the study consists of 397 participants, 278 girls (70%) and 119 boys (30%). Career Adaptability, Three Dimensional Attachment Styles and Multidimensional Social Support scales were used in the data collection process. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Bootstrapping method was used to test the significance of indirect effects. The results show that social support from family, friend and private person has a partial mediating role in the effect of anxious-ambivalent attachment style on career adaptability.

Özet

Bu araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin bağlanma stilleri ile sosyal destekleri ve kariyer uyumlulukları arasındaki ilişkilerin değerlendirilmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda dokuz model test edilmiştir. Üç farklı bağlanma stilinin üç farklı kariyer uyumluluğu üzerindeki etkisinde üç farklı sosyal destek değişkeninin aracı rolü sınanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubu 278 kadın (%70), 119 erkek (%30) olmak üzere 397 katılımcıdan oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama sürecinde Kariyer Uyumluluğu, Üç boyutlu Bağlanma Stilleri ve Çok Boyutlu Sosyal Destek ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Veriler yapısal eşitlik modellemesi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Dolaylı etkilerin anlamlılığının test edilmesi için de Bootstrapping yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar kaygılıkararsız bağlanma stilinin kariyer uyumluluğu üzerindeki etkisinde aileden, arkadaştan ve özel kişiden elde edilen sosyal desteğin kısmi aracılık rolü olduğunu göstermektedir.

🔖

Cite This Article

Erzen, E., Kara, A. (2022). ATTACHMENT STYLES, SOCIAL SUPPORT AND CAREER ADAPTABILITY: ALTERNATIVE MODELS. Öneri Dergisi, Cilt: 17 Sayı: 57, 340–364. https://doi.org/10.14783/maruoneri.896289

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (75)

  1. Ainsworth, M. D. S. (1979). Infant-mother attachment. American Psychologist, 34(10), 937. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.34.10.932
  2. Ainsworth, M. D. S., Blehar, M. C., Waters, E., & Wall, S. (1978). Patterns of attachment: A psychological study of the strange situation. New Jersey: Hillsdale.
  3. Alhija, F. N.-A., & Wisenbaker, J. (2006). A Monte Carlo Study investigating the impact of item parceling strategies on parameter estimates and their standard errors in CFA. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 13(2), 204–228. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328007sem1302
  4. Ataç, L. O., Dirik, D., & Tetik, H. T. (2018). Predicting career adaptability through self-esteem and social support: A research on young adults. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 18(1), 45–61. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-017-9346-1
  5. Bacanlı, F., ve Sürücü, M. (2011). İlköğretim öğrencilerinin kariyer gelişimleri ile ebeveyne bağlanmaları arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(4), 679–700.
  6. Bolat, N., & Odacı, H. (2017). High school final year students’ career decision-making self-efficacy, attachment styles and gender role orientations. Current Psychology, 36(2), 252–259. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9409-3
  7. Braunstein-Bercovitz, H. (2014). Self-criticism, anxious attachment, and avoidant attachment as predictors of career decision making. Journal of Career Assessment, 22(1), 176–187. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072713492938
  8. Burnham, K. P., & Anderson, D. R. (2004). Multimodel inference: Understanding AIC and BIC in model selection. Sociological Methods and Research, 33(2), 261–304. https://doi.org/10.1177/0049124104268644
  9. Cobb, S. (1976). Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosomatic Medicine, 38(5), 300–314. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006842-197609000-00003
  10. Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310–357. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310
  11. Creed, P. A., Fallon, T., & Hood, M. (2009). The relationship between career adaptability, person and situation variables, and career concerns in young adults. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(2), 219–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2008.12.004
  12. Deniz, M. E. (2011). An investigation of decision making styles and the five-factor personality traits with respect to attachment styles. Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Bilimleri, 11(1), 105–113.
  13. Duffy, R. D. (2010). Sense of control and career adaptability among undergraduate students. Journal of Career Assessment, 18(4), 420–430. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072710374587
  14. Eker, D., Arkar, H., ve Yaldız, H. (2001). Çok Boyutlu Algılanan Sosyal Destek Ölçeğinin Gözden Geçirilmiş Formunun faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 12(1), 17–25. Retrieved from http://www.turkpsikolojidergisi.com/PDF/TPD/34/04.pdf
  15. Eryılmaz, A., & Kara, A. (2016). Investigation of psychometric properties of Career Adaptability Scale. The Online Journal of Counseling and Education, 5(1), 29–39. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323869909
  16. Eryılmaz, A., & Kara, A. (2018). A career adaptability model for pre-service teachers. Erzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (August), 352–365. https://doi.org/10.17556/erziefd.322596
  17. Erzen, E. (2016). Üç Boyutlu Bağlanma Stilleri Ölçeği. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(3), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.17679/iuefd.17323631
  18. Field, A. (2018). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS Statistics (5th ed.). London: Sage.
  19. Frederick, D. A., Sandhu, G., Morse, P. J., & Swami, V. (2016). Correlates of appearance and weight satisfaction in a U.S. National Sample: Personality, attachment style, television viewing, self-esteem, and life satisfaction. Body Image, 17, 191–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.04.001
  20. Gottlieb, B. H., & Bergen, A. E. (2010). Social support concepts and measures. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 69(5), 511–520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.10.001
  21. Guan, M., Capezio, A., Restubog, S. L. D., Read, S., Lajom, J. A. L., & Li, M. (2016). The role of traditionality in the relationships among parental support, career decision-making self-efficacy and career adaptability. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 94, 114–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.02.018
  22. Hall, D. T., & Chandler, D. E. (2005). Psychological success: When the career is a calling. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(2), 155–176. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.301
  23. Hamme Peterson, C., Buser, T. J., & Westburg, N. G. (2010). Effects of familial attachment, Social Support, Involvement, and Self-Esteem on Youth Substance Use and Sexual Risk Taking. The Family Journal, 18(4), 369–376. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480710380546
  24. Han, H., & Rojewski, J. W. (2015). Gender-specific models of work-bound Korean adolescents’ social supports and career adaptability on subsequent job satisfaction. Journal of Career Development, 42(2), 149–164. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845314545786
  25. Hart, J., Shaver, P. R., & Goldenberg, J. L. (2005). Attachment, self-esteem, worldviews, and terror management: Evidence for a tripartite security system. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88(6), 999–1013. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.88.6.999
  26. Helm, P. J., Jimenez, T., Bultmann, M., Lifshin, U., Greenberg, J., & Arndt, J. (2020). Existential isolation, loneliness, and attachment in young adults. Personality and Individual Differences, 159(February), 109890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.109890
  27. Hirschi, A. (2009). Career adaptability development in adolescence: Multiple predictors and effect on sense of power and life satisfaction. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(2), 145–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2009.01.002
  28. Hirschi, A. (2010). Vocational interests and career goals: Development and relations to personality in middle adolescence. Journal of Career Assessment, 18(3), 223–238. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072710364789
  29. Hirschi, A., Niles, S. G., & Akos, P. (2011). Engagement in adolescent career preparation: Social support, personality and the development of choice decidedness and congruence. Journal of Adolescence, 34(1), 173–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2009.12.009
  30. Hlad′o, P., Kvasková, L., Ježek, S., Hirschi, A., & Macek, P. (2019). Career adaptability and social support of vocational students leaving upper secondary school. Journal of Career Assessment, 28(3), 478–495. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072719884299
  31. Janicki Deverts, D., Cohen, S., & Doyle, W. J. (2017). Dispositional affect moderates the stress-buffering effect of social support on risk for developing the common cold. Journal of Personality, 85(5), 675–686. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12270
  32. Johnston, C. S. (2018). A systematic review of the career adaptability literature and future outlook. Journal of Career Assessment, 26(1), 3–30. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072716679921
  33. Kenny, M. E. (1990). College seniors’ perceptions of parental attachments: The value and stability of family ties. Journal of College Student Development, 31, 39–46.
  34. Kenny, M. E., & Bledsoe, M. (2005). Career adaptability in context: The role of support, barriers, and peer school beliefs. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 257– 272.
  35. Ketterson, T. U., & Blustein, D. L. (1997). Attachment relationships and the career exploration process. Career Development Quarterly, 46(2), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.1997.tb01003.x
  36. Kim, H. S., Sherman, D. K., & Taylor, S. E. (2008). Culture and social support. American Psychologist, 63(6), 518–526. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X
  37. Koen, J., Klehe, U. C., & Van Vianen, A. E. M. (2012). Training career adaptability to facilitate a successful school-to-work transition. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(3), 395–408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.10.003
  38. Konstam, V., Celen-Demirtas, S., Tomek, S., & Sweeney, K. (2015). Career adaptability and subjective well-being in unemployed emerging adults: A promising and cautionary tale. Journal of Career Development, 42(6), 463–477. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845315575151
  39. Larose, S., & Boivin, M. (1998). Attachment to parents, social support expectations, and socioemotional adjustment during the high school-college transition. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 8(1), 1–27.
  40. Larose, S., Guay, F., & Boivin, M. (2002). Attachment, social support, and loneliness in young adulthood: A test of two models. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28(5), 684–693. https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167202288012
  41. Malecki, C. K., & Demaray, M. K. (2002). Measuring perceived social support: Development of the child and adolescent social support scale (CASSS). Psychology in the Schools, 39(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.10004
  42. Mallinckrodt, B. (2000). Attachment, social competencies, social support, and interpersonal process in psychotherapy. Psychotherapy Research, 10(3), 239–266. https://doi.org/10.1093/ptr/10.3.239
  43. Mallinckrodt, B., & Wei, M. (2005). Attachment, social competencies, social support, and psychological distress. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(3), 358–367. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.52.3.358
  44. McLennan, B., McIlveen, P., & Perera, H. N. (2017). Pre-service teachers’ self-efficacy mediates the relationship between career adaptability and career optimism. Teaching and Teacher Education, 63, 176–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2016.12.022
  45. McLeod, S., Berry, K., Hodgson, C., & Wearden, A. (2020). Attachment and social support in romantic dyads: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 76(1), 59–101. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22868
  46. McMahon, G., Creaven, A. M., & Gallagher, S. (2020). Perceived social support mediates the association between attachment and cardiovascular reactivity in young adults. Psychophysiology, 57(3), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.13496
  47. Merino-Tejedor, E., Hontangas, P. M., & Petrides, K. V. (2018). Career adaptability mediates the effect of trait emotional intelligence on academic engagement. Revista de Psicodidáctica (English Ed.), 23(2), 77–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psicoe.2017.10.002
  48. Mossakowski, K. N., & Zhang, W. (2014). Does social support buffer the stress of discrimination and reduce psychological distress among Asian Americans? Social Psychology Quarterly, 77(3), 273–295. https://doi.org/10.1177/0190272514534271
  49. Neureiter, M., & Traut-Mattausch, E. (2017). Two sides of the career resources coin: Career adaptability resources and the impostor phenomenon. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 98, 56–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2016.10.002
  50. Neustadt, E. A., Chamorro-Premuzic, T., & Furnham, A. (2011). Attachment at work and performance. Attachment and Human Development, 13(5), 471–488. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2011.602254
  51. Ocampo, A. C. G., Restubog, S. L. D., Liwag, M. E., Wang, L., & Petelczyc, C. (2018). My spouse is my strength: Interactive effects of perceived organizational and spousal support in predicting career adaptability and career outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 108(August), 165–177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.08.001
  52. Pines, A. M. (2004). Adult attachment styles and their relationship to burnout: A preliminary, cross-cultural investigation. Work and Stress, 18(1), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678370310001645025
  53. Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
  54. Prescod, D. J., & Zeligman, M. (2018). Career adaptability of trauma survivors: The moderating role of posttraumatic growth. Career Development Quarterly, 66(2), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1002/cdq.12126
  55. Ramos, K., & Lopez, F. G. (2018). Attachment security and career adaptability as predictors of subjective well-being among career transitioners. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 104(February 2017), 72–85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2017.10.004
  56. Rapson Gomez, & McLaren, S. (2007). The inter-relations of mother and father attachment, self-esteem and aggression during late adolescence. Aggressive Behaviour, 33, 160–169. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab
  57. Rottinghaus, P. J., Day, S. X., & Borgen, F. H. (2005). The career futures inventory: A measure of career-related adaptability and optimism. Journal of Career Assessment, 13(1), 3–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072704270271
  58. Santilli, S., Nota, L., & Hartung, P. J. (2019). Efficacy of a group career construction intervention with early adolescent youth. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 111(June 2018), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.06.007
  59. Savickas, M. L. (2005). The theory and practice of career construction. In S. D. Brown & R. W. Lent (Eds.), Career development and counselling: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 42–70). New Jersey: Wiley.
  60. Savickas, M. L. (2013). Career construction theory and practice. In Career development and counseling handbook: Putting theory and research to work (pp. 147–183). New Jersey: Wiley.
  61. Savickas, M. L., & Porfeli, E. J. (2012). Career adapt-abilities acale: Construction, reliability, and measurement equivalence across 13 countries. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(3), 661–673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.01.011
  62. Shin, Y. J., & Lee, J. Y. (2017). Attachment, career-choice pessimism, and intrinsic motivation as predictors of college students’ career adaptability. Journal of Career Development, 44(4), 311–326. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845316653472
  63. Super, D. E. (1980). A life-span, life-space approach to career development. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 16(3), 282–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(80)90056-1
  64. Super, D. E., & Knasel, E. G. (1981). Career development in adulthood: Some theoretical problems and a possible solution. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 9(2), 194–201. https://doi.org/10.1080/03069888108258214
  65. Šverko, I., & Babarović, T. (2019). Applying career construction model of adaptation to career transition in adolescence: A two-study paper. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 111(October 2018), 59–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.10.011
  66. Tardy, C. H. (1985). Social support measurement. American Journal of Community Psychology, 13(2), 187–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00905728
  67. Wang, Z., & Fu, Y. (2015). Social support, social comparison, and career adaptability: A moderated mediation model. Social Behavior and Personality, 43(4), 649–660. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2015.43.4.649
  68. Warren, J. S., Jackson, Y., & Sifers, S. K. (2009). Social support provisions as differential predictors of adaptive outcomes in young adolescents. Journal of Community Psychology, 37(1), 106–121. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20273
  69. Wolfe, J. B., & Betz, N. E. (2004). The relationship of attachment variables to career decision-making self-efficacy and fear of commitment. Career Development Quarterly, 52(4), 363–369. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-0045.2004.tb00952.x
  70. Wright, S. L., Perrone-Mcgovern, K. M., Boo, J. N., & White, A. V. (2014). Influential factors in academic and career self-efficacy: Attachment, supports, and career barriers. Journal of Counseling and Development, 92(1), 36–46. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6676.2014.00128.x
  71. Wright, S. L., & Perrone, K. M. (2010). An examination of the role of attachment and efficacy in life satisfaction. The Counseling Psychologist, 38(6), 796–823. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000009359204
  72. Xiaoyun, C., & Fenglan, L. (2020). The relationships among insecure attachment, social support and psychological experiences in family caregivers of cancer inpatients. European Journal of Oncology Nursing, 44(August 2019), 101691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2019.101691
  73. Zacher, H. (2014). Individual difference predictors of change in career adaptability over time. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 84(2), 188–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2014.01.001
  74. Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41.
  75. Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 310–357. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310