SavedAdd your journal

Journals / Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi / 2025 / Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4

New Media and Disinformation: A Communicative Approach to Detecting Fake News Using Machine Learning

Yeni Medya ve Dezenformasyon: Makine Öğrenmesi ile Sahte Haberlerin Tespitine İletişimsel Bir Yaklaşım

İsnur İnci Armutlu
Şahide Şeker
Pages
246–267
Publication Date
2025-12-29
🏛️Bibliographic metadata and full text access for this article are provided via DergiPark.
DergiPark Record ↗
✨

AI Summary & Key Takeaways

AI Insight
⚡ TL;DR(Too Long; Didn't Read)

The findings indicate that logistic regression demonstrates high performance in detecting fake news.

📌 3 Key Takeaways

🎯
Objective & Hypothesis:New media has brought fundamental changes to the field of communication by providing rapid access to information and enabling instant reach to large audiences.
📊
Key Findings & Data:However, this transformation has also facilitated the spread of disinformation, leading to an increase in fake news.
💡
Conclusion & Impact:The findings indicate that logistic regression demonstrates high performance in detecting fake news.
🔬Design:Modeling & Simulation
📍Scope:Comprehensive Sample
⚙️Variables:yeni medya · iletişim · dezenformasyon

Abstract

New media has brought fundamental changes to the field of communication by providing rapid access to information and enabling instant reach to large audiences. However, this transformation has also facilitated the spread of disinformation, leading to an increase in fake news. Among the methods developed for detecting fake news, machine learning algorithms stand out. This study examines the effectiveness of machine learning techniques in detecting fake news. A classification was performed using a logistic regression model on the Fake and Real News Dataset available on the Kaggle platform. The news texts were vectorized using the TF-IDF method, and the model was trained based on these features. The performance of the model was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics. The findings indicate that logistic regression demonstrates high performance in detecting fake news. This study highlights the importance of data-driven approaches in identifying fake news within the digital media ecosystem and offers recommendations for enhancing media literacy.

Özet

Yeni medya, bilgiye hızlı erişim ve geniş kitlelere anında ulaşım imkânı sunarak iletişim alanında köklü değişimlere yol açmaktadır. Ancak bu dönüşüm, aynı zamanda dezenformasyonun yayılmasını kolaylaştırarak sahte haberlerin artmasına neden olmuştur. Sahte haberlerin tespiti için geliştirilen yöntemler arasında, makine öğrenmesi algoritmaları öne çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, sahte haber tespitinde makine öğrenmesi tekniklerinin etkinliği incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, Kaggle platformunda yer alan "Fake and Real News Dataset" veri seti kullanılarak lojistik regresyon modeli ile bir sınıflandırma gerçekleştirilmiştir. Haber metinleri, TF-IDF yöntemiyle vektörleştirilmiş ve modelin eğitimi bu özellikler üzerinden yapılmıştır. Modelin başarısı doğruluk, kesinlik, duyarlılık ve F1-skoru gibi değerlendirme metrikleriyle ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgular, lojistik regresyonun sahte haberleri tespit etmede yüksek performans gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, dijital medya ekosisteminde sahte haberlerin tespitinde veri odaklı yaklaşımların önemini vurgulamakta ve medya okuryazarlığının artırılmasına yönelik öneriler sunmaktadır.

🔖

Cite This Article

Armutlu, İ. İ., Şeker, Ş. (2025). New Media and Disinformation: A Communicative Approach to Detecting Fake News Using Machine Learning. Anadolu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 246–267. https://doi.org/10.18037/ausbd.1650095

📄 Full Text PDF Viewer

📄

PDF görüntüleyici hazırlanıyor...

References (47)

  1. Aydin, I., Mehmet, S., ve Salur, M. U. (2018), Detection of Fake Twitter Accounts with Machine Learning Algorithms. 2018 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Data Processing (IDAP).
  2. Blewitt, J. (2014). Public Libraries and the Right to the [Smart] City. International Journal of Social Ecology and Sustainable Development, 5(2), 55. https://doi.org/10.4018/ijsesd.2014040105
  3. Carlsson, E., & Nilsson, B. (2015). Technologies of participation: Community news and social media in Northern Sweden. Journalism (Vol. 17, Issue 8, p. 1113). SAGE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884915599948
  4. Chao-Chen, L. (2013). Convergence of new and old media: new media representation in traditional news. Chinese Journal of Communication (Vol. 6, Issue 2, p. 183). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/17544750.2013.785667
  5. Di, J. (2024). Principles of AIGC technology and its application in new media micro-video creation. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences (Vol. 9, Issue 1). De Gruyter. https://doi.org/10.2478/amns-2024-1393
  6. Ekawati, A. D. (2022). Students’ Beliefs About Social Media In Efl Classroom: A Review Of Literature. English Review Journal of English Education (Vol. 10, Issue 2, p. 587). University of Kuningan and Association of Indonesian Scholars of English Education (AISEE). https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v10i2.6261
  7. Ersoy, A. B. (2021). Social Media Shopping as a Driver for Brand Trust and Brand Commitment. Journal of Business Administration Research (Vol. 4, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.30564/jbar.v4i4.3454
  8. Flanagin, A., & Metzger, M. (2006). Internet use in the contemporary media environment. Human Communication Research (Vol. 27, Issue 1, p. 153). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2001.tb00779.x
  9. Fraga‐Lamas, P., & Fernández‐Caramés, T. M. (2020). Fake News, Disinformation, and Deepfakes: Leveraging Distributed Ledger Technologies and Blockchain to Combat Digital Deception and Counterfeit Reality. IT Professional (Vol. 22, Issue 2, p. 53). IEEE Computer Society. https://doi.org/10.1109/mitp.2020.2977589
  10. Francesca, M., Demartini, P., & Paoloni, P. (2017). Women in business and social media: Implications for female entrepreneurship in emerging countries. African Journal of Business Management (Vol. 11, Issue 14, p. 316). Academic Journals. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajbm2017.8281
  11. Gandini, A., Gerosa, A., Gobbo, B., Keeling, S., Leonini, L., Mosca, L., Orofino, M., Reviglio, U., & Splendore, S. (2022). The algorithmic public opinion: a literature review [Review of The algorithmic public opinion: a literature review]. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/m6zn8
  12. Guo, H. (2021). The development and application of new media technology in news communication industry. International Journal of Electrical Engineering Education (Vol. 60, p. 405). SAGE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020720921996593
  13. Guo, J. (2022). Psychological Harm to Underage Children in the Era of New Media. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research/Advances in social science, education and humanities research (p. 2021). https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-89-3_231
  14. Gürdağ, B., Akkavak, K. K., & Elibol, G. C. (2018). Tasarim Eğitiminde Alternatif Mekân Olarak Sosyal Medya. Doaj (Doaj: Directory of Open Access Journals). https://doaj.org/article/5a97be8cd1f3471692cb590ba5f4e08e
  15. J. Adeleke Adeyiga, P. Gbounmi Toriola, T. Elizabeth Abioye, and A. Esther Oluwatosin, “Fake News Detection Using a Logistic Regression Model and Natural Language Processing Techniques,” pp. 1–18, 2023, [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3156168/v1
  16. Karmila, L., Rachmiatie, A., K, S. S., Fardiah, D., Ahmadi, D., & Muhtadi, A. S. (2024). The role of social media in the political construction of identity: Implications for political dynamics and democracy in Indonesia. Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development (Vol. 8, Issue 14, p. 9171). https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd9171
  17. Łaszkiewicz, A. (2022). Areas of influence in influencer marketing. To what extent is the communication under brand control? Marketing of Scientific and Research Organizations (Vol. 46, Issue 4, p. 1). Moscow Aviation Institute. https://doi.org/10.2478/minib-2022-0018
  18. Lee, S., & Valenzuela, S. (2024). A Self-Righteous, Not a Virtuous, Circle: Proposing a New Framework for Studying Media Effects on Knowledge and Political Participation in a Social Media Environment. Social Media + Society, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051241257953
  19. Levak, T. (2021). Disinformation in the New Media System – Characteristics, Forms, Reasons for its Dissemination and Potential Means of Tackling the Issue. Medijska istraživanja (Vol. 26, Issue 2, p. 29). Naklada Medijska istraživanja. https://doi.org/10.22572/mi.26.2.2
  20. McLuhan, M. (1964). “The medium is the message.” In Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man, pp. 23–35, 63–7. New York: Signet
  21. Mehta, S. (2019). Indian intermediaries in new media: Mainstreaming the margins. Convergence The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, 27(1), 229. https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856519896167
  22. Méndez, M. C., Codina, L., & Salaverría, R. (2019). What is new media? The views of 70 Hispanic experts. https://doi.org/10.4185/rlcs-2019-1396en
  23. Mutlu, E. (2016). Globalleşme, Popüler Kültür ve Medya. Ütopya Yayınevi.
  24. Olesen, T. (2017). Memetic protest and the dramatic diffusion of Alan Kurdi. Media Culture & Society, 40(5), 656. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443717729212
  25. Olesen, T. (2020). Greta Thunberg’s iconicity: Performance and co-performance in the social media ecology. New Media & Society, 24(6), 1325. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444820975416
  26. Öztunç, M. (2020). İnternet Haberciliğinde Koronavirüs Salgınının Sunum Biçimi. DergiPark (Istanbul University). Istanbul University. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/itobiad/issue/56503/756934
  27. Peters, B. (2009). And lead us not into thinking the new is new: a bibliographic case for new media history. New Media & Society (Vol. 11, p. 13). SAGE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444808099572
  28. Peters, C., Schrøder, K. C., Lehaff, J., & Vulpius, J. (2021). News as They Know It: Young Adults’ Information Repertoires in the Digital Media Landscape. Digital Journalism (Vol. 10, Issue 1, p. 62). Taylor & Francis. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2021.1885986
  29. Sevim, Z. (2019). Toplumsal Bir Hafıza Yaratma Gücü: Medya / “Yeni” Medya. Journal of International Social Research (Vol. 12, Issue 63, p. 673). The Journal of International Social Research. https://doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2019.3264
  30. Soares, F. B., Recuero, R., Volcan, T., Fagundes, G., & Sodré, G. (2021). Research note: Bolsonaro’s firehose: How Covid-19 disinformation on WhatsApp was used to fight a government political crisis in Brazil. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-54
  31. Steinfeld, N. (2022). The disinformation warfare: how users use every means possible in the political battlefield on social media. Online Information Review (Vol. 46, Issue 7, p. 1313). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/oir-05-2020-0197
  32. Su, Y., Lee, D. K. L., & Xiao, X. (2021). “I enjoy thinking critically, and I’m in control”: Examining the influences of media literacy factors on misperceptions amidst the COVID-19 infodemic. Computers in Human Behavior (Vol. 128, p. 107111). Elsevier BV. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.107111
  33. Tan, X. (2015). Applied-Information Technology with Transmission Features of New Media on News Communication. Advances in computer science research. Atlantis Press. https://doi.org/10.2991/isci-15.2015.152
  34. Toker, H., Erdem, S., & Özşarlak, P. (2017). 2015 Haziran ve Kasım Seçimlerinde Siyasal Eğilim: Yeni Bir Kamuoyu Ölçümleme Aracı Olarak Twitter. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi (Vol. 5, Issue 1, p. 96). https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesakademia.291888
  35. Tomin, V. V., Erofeeva, N. E., Borzova, T. V., Lisitzina, T. B., Rubanik, V. E., Aliyev, H. K., & Шуайпова, П. Г. (2020). Internet Media as Component of Information and Communication Environment in Electoral Process: Features and Tools. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies (Vol. 10, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.29333/ojcmt/7932
  36. Torres, Oscar.R., Getting Started in Logit and Ordered Logit Regression’’, https://www.princeton.edu/~otorres/, Vol.3, No.1, pp.1-15,2008
  37. Tuğtekin, E. B., & Koç, M. (2019). Understanding the relationship between new media literacy, communication skills, and democratic tendency: Model development and testing. New Media & Society (Vol. 22, Issue 10, p. 1922). SAGE Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819887705
  38. URL1, (2025). B. Jikadara, “Fake News Detection Dataset,” Kaggle. Erişim: 16 Şubat 2025, https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/bhavikjikadara/fake-news-detection/data
  39. URL2, (2025). “sklearn.linear_model.LogisticRegression — scikit-learn 1.5 documentation.” Erişim: 16 Şubat 2025,
  40. https://scikit-learn.org/1.5/modules/generated/sklearn.linear_model.LogisticRegression.html
  41. Widyastuti, D. A. R. (2021). Using New Media and Social Media in Disaster Communication. Komunikator (Vol. 13, Issue 2, p. 100). Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta. https://doi.org/10.18196/jkm.12074
  42. Yamaguchi, S., & Tanihara, T. (2023). Relationship between misinformation spreading behaviour and true/false judgments and literacy: an empirical analysis of COVID-19 vaccine and political misinformation in Japan. Global Knowledge Memory and Communication. Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/gkmc-12-2022-0287
  43. Yamaguchi, S., Oshima, H., Watanabe, T., Osaka, Y., Tanihara, T., Inoue, E., & Tanabe, S. (2025). An analysis of literacy differences related to the identification and dissemination of misinformation in Japan. Global Knowledge Memory and Communication (Vol. 74, Issue 11, p. 121). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/gkmc-07-2024-0419
  44. Yang, Y. (2024). The Trend of Media Convergence and its Impact in Journalism and Communication Studies. Transactions on Social Science Education and Humanities Research (Vol. 7, p. 250). https://doi.org/10.62051/9yd2h686
  45. Zhang, Y. (2024). The Impact of New Media on Traditional Media. Journal of Education Humanities and Social Sciences (Vol. 28, p. 691). https://doi.org/10.54097/cfy60b30
  46. Zhou, J. (2014). Research on Dynamic Extension of Visual Communication of News Website Information. Applied Mechanics and Materials (p. 2043). Trans Tech Publications. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.2043
  47. Zhou, Y. (2023). On The Influence of Modern New Social Media on Brand Effect. Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media (Vol. 4, Issue 1, p. 249). https://doi.org/10.54254/2753-7048/4/20220297