İLAHİYAT FAKÜLTESİ ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN TANRI ALGILARI VE HOŞGÖRÜ EĞİLİM DÜZEYLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GOD'S PERCEPTIONS AND TOLERANCE LEVELS OF THE THEOLOGY OF FACULTY STUDENTS

Özet

İlahiyat Fakültelerinde öğrenim gören öğrencilerin hem kendi kişisel gelişimlerinde hem de görev yapacakları alanlardaki mesleki yeterlik ve başarılarında Tanrı'ya yönelik algılarının ve hoşgörü eğilimlerinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu sebeple öğrencilerin Tanrı algılarının ve hoşgörü eğilimlerinin hangi düzeyde olduğu ve bunlar arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığı önemli bir konudur. İşte bu araştırma, İlahiyat Fakültesi son sınıf öğrencilerinin Tanrı algılarını ve hoşgörü eğilim düzeylerini, bu düzeyler arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını ve bu düzeylerin hangi değişkenlere göre farklılaştığını tespit etmek amacıyla, Atatürk Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi'nde öğrenim gören 288 son sınıf öğrencisinden oluşan çalışma grubu üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiş nicel bir çalışmadır. Araştırmada, Tanrı Algısı Ölçeği (TAÖ), Hoşgörü Eğilim Ölçeği (HEÖ) ve katılımcıların kişisel özellikleri ile ilgili çeşitli bağımsız değişkenlerin yer aldığı anket formu yoluyla veriler toplanmış ve bu veriler SPSS paket programında istatistiksel analizlere tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma bulgularına göre, öğrencilerin Tanrı algıları olumludur ve hoşgörü eğilim düzeyleri yüksektir. Öğrencilerin Tanrı algıları ve hoşgörü eğilim düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönde, düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Öğrencilerin Tanrı algıları cinsiyetlerine ve ailelerinin kendilerine yaklaşım biçimlerine göre anlamlı bir şeklide farklılaşmaktadır. Öğrencilerin hoşgörü eğilim düzeyleri cinsiyetlerine göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşırken, ailelerinin kendilerine yaklaşım biçimlerine göre anlamlı bir şekilde farklılaşmamaktadır.

Abstract

It is thought that the students who study in the Faculty of Theology are important in their personal development as well as their perceptions and tolerance tendencies toward God in their professional competences and achievements in the fields they will work in. For this reason, it is important that students have a sense of God's perceptions and tolerance tendencies, and whether there is a relationship between them. This research is based on a study group consisting of 288 senior students who attended the Faculty of Theology at Ataturk University in order to determine the level of God's perceptions and tolerance tendencies of the senior students of the Faculty of Theology, and whether there is a relationship between these levels, Is a quantitative work carried out. In the study, data were collected via a questionnaire including the God Perception Scale (GPS), the Tolerance Tendency Scale (TTS) and various independent variables related to the personal characteristics of the participants and these data were subjected to statistical analysis in the SPSS package program. According to the findings of the research, the perception of gods of students is high and the level of tolerance tendency is high. There is a meaningful relationship between students' god perception and tolerance tendency levels at a low level in the positive direction. Students' perceptions of gender differ in a meaningful way according to their gender and the way their families approach themselves. While the levels of tolerance tendency of the students differ significantly according to their gender, they do not differ significantly according to the way their families approach themselves.Perception of God refers to an important religious phenomenon which affects an individual's perspective toward life. Not only people's mindset, knowledge, background, and form of relationship regarding religion effect the influence of religion on individuals but also these are essential determinants of person's perception of God. On the other hand, the term of tolerance poses a fundamental role in social relations by consisting religious and universal values such as esteeming, covering excuses, and being compatible, understanding, merciful, mindful, and endurable. Thus, this study focuses on whether there is an association between perception of God, which has an influence on the life of a religious person, and tolerance that makes the balance on and determines social relations among individuals. In this regard, we review the terms of "Perception of God" and "Tolerance," and aim to address the association between these two important aspects which respectively determine the quality of life and social relationships.It is worth investigating whether there is a relationship between the divine perceptions and the tolerance tendencies of the students of the Faculty of Theology in this frame. Conducting studies on the development of the necessary features for the identification and evaluation of these features and qualifications. However, it was noted that this kind of lack of studies was taken into consideration. Because of the need for such research, the level of education of the Faculty of Theology was examined in this study. The main problem of the research is, "Is there a relationship between the students of the Faculty of Theology and the levels of the perceptions of God and the tendencies of tolerance? - Is there a difference between the levels of god perception and tolerance tendencies of the students of the Faculty of Theology and their gender? - Is there a difference between the tendency levels of the students of the Faculty of Theology and the way their families approach themselves? Method In the study, the relationship between the perceptions of God and tolerance of the senior students of the Faculty of Theology and the degree of god perception and tolerance of the senior students of the Faculty of Theology and gender, their families, and their attitudes towards themselves are examined. Therefore, the research is suited to the "Causal Comparison" model of relational research types The population included senior students of School of Theology at Ataturk University in 2016-2017 academic year. We have aimed to reach all students. The study comprised a random sample of 288 students. We gathered the data from a survey which includes God Perception Scale (Guler 2007), the Tendency to Tolerance Scale (Caliskan and Saglam 2012), and some items that measure socio-demographic features of the participants. Discussion and Conclusion Our findings have suggested that there are significant differentiations between the perception of God, gender, and the forms of family approaches. Accordingly, females have more love-based and positive perception of God than males, which is consistent with previous research conducted in Turkey and at abroad. Also, there is a significant differentiation between the level of tolerance tendency and gender, except the forms of family approaches. Furthermore, the participants have a love-based perception of God and high level of tolerance tendency. According to the statistical analyses testing research question of the study, there is a significant association between perception of God level and tolerance tendency level. Besides, our study has indicated that the participants having a democratic family structure have a higher score of perception of God than those who have other forms of family approach. Moreover, the findings have shown that students of School of Theology have higher levels of perception of God and tolerance tendency. This result refers that the participants have more tendency to tolerance and positive and love-based perception of God, not fear-based and negative one. That is, the participants prioritize a loving, protecting, and forgiving God rather than scary, punishing, and cruel one. Graduated students of School of Theology may be a teacher in formal education institutions on several levels and kinds, work