Yapı Sektöründe Ahşap Teşvik Politikaları ve Etkileri

Abstract

The human population and urbanization are increasing day by day in the world. According to the United Nations reports, this situation will continue to uprise. The grow in population and urbanization causes the increase of multi-storey buildings, which constitute the physical infrastructure of urban areas. Most of these structures are built with materials such as cement and steel, which are exposed or processed by intensive fossil-energy-based industrial processes. Overproduction and use of these currently preferred materials have an important role in the depletion of limited material resources and the poisoning of the atmosphere, water and soils. In the face of this problem that concerns the whole world, multi-storey wooden structures come to the fore as a remarkable alternative. Wood has become suitable for multi-storey buildings thanks to the developing technologies, besides its many bright spots such as being carbon storage, having sustainable production without harming the environment and easy processing. So that it has started to be preferred in multi-storey buildings in many countries, especially in Finland, Sweden, Japan, America and Canada. However, the increase in the construction rates of multi-storey wooden structures has not occurred in a short time and spontaneously in any country, where reinforced concrete and steel construction systems are dominant. A gradual spread has been achieved thanks to the strategic initiatives and incentive policies that differed according to the situation of the countries. In this article, wood incentive policies in countries around the world, their contents, the years they entered into force and the changes in the wood construction sector after the implementation of the policies were examined through the literature. In addition, the proportional increases in timber house constructions of 6 countries over the years after the wood incentive policies were revealed. In this way, it has been tried to present a comprehensive picture of wood construction policies on a global scale and the effects of policies on the timber construction sector.