Enoxaparin-induced atraumatic acute compartment syndrome of the thigh: a case report

Abstract

In this case, we present a case of atraumatic lateral compartment syndrome of the thigh in a patient undergoing anticoagulant treatment. The patient received high-dose low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) treatment due to the diagnosis of an ischemic cerebrovascular event and developed lateral compartment syndrome of the thigh after the LMWH injection into the thigh; therefore, an emergency fasciotomy was performed. After negative-pressure dressing and monitoring, the wound was closed on the sixth day and the patient was discharged. No complication occurred during the one-month follow-up. Compartment syndrome of the thigh is a rare, but potentially devastating. The purpose of the current report was to highlight this rare, but serious, complication of a routine treatment procedure.