Entrepreneurship within business: a study over the managers of ındustrial establishments

Abstract

An entrepreneur is defined as a person who organizes the production factors such as labour, capital and natural sources and gives action to them. (Tekin, 1999; Tuncer, Ayhan and Varoğlu, 2008). Also, an entrepreneur is defined as a person who always observes the changes in market, finds the demand gaps, builds new demands, notices the changes in demand and adopts the business, gathers all sources and makes investment. They don’t hesitate to compete and take risk, and also don’t avoid taking responsibilities. This process is called as entrepreneurship. (Müftüoğlu, 1993; Tutar and Küçük, 2003; Müftüoğlu and Durukan, 2004; Naktiyok, 2004; Küçük, 2005; Yurtsever et al., 2006; Top, 2006; Özdevecioğlu and Cingöz, 2009). Also, entrepreneur can be defined as a person who finds opportunities in market by taking risks and making innovation and transform them to the profitable business ideas. According to the results of the researches, the features of the successful entrepreneur can be classified as following (Golata, 1987; Kuratko ve Hodgetts 1998; Littunen, 2000; Burns, 2001; Müftüoğlu ve Durukan, 2004; Yeniçeri ve İnce, 2005; Döm, 2006); imagination, stability, to be able to take the risk, to be sophisticate, to be able to apply the strategies, to find opportunities and evaluate them, to have personnel responsibilities, having mission, vision and self confidence, to be independence, creative, to have proactive personality, emotional intelligence. Therefore, an entrepreneur is provider of change (Cunningham and Lischeron, 1991; Kautz, 1991; Naktiyok, 2004; Wickham, 2006). Methodology The aim of this study is to explore entrepreneurial attitude orientation of medium and top level managers of business. In this scope the answers of following questions were looked into. a) What is the level of the entrepreneurial attitude orientation in scope of different dimensions? b) Dose the entrepreneurial attitude orientation differ in scope of every dimension in term of demographic factors? The medium and top level managers of first 10 industrial businesses from members of the Adana Chamber of Industry were included sample group of this study. The basic reason of the selection of Adana as research area is their high intention and help. The numbers of the total medium and top managers in 10 top businesses were 397 and respondent of them were 208. The data collected from sample group by research team using the questionnaire form. The questionnaire form was firstly developed by Robinson et al.(2001) and translated to Turkish by different researchers (Artan, Yener and Aykol, 2008). The questionnaire form was comprised of four dimensions which comply with the Robins’ entrepreneurial attitude orientation scale. Likert scale was used in questionnaire form. Because of different place and region are chosen, the reliability and validity tests were applied again. In order to test the convenience of the data, factor analysis was performed. For this reason, Kaise-Meyer-Olkin and Barlett tests carried out. The factors’ KMO convenience was found high than 0,50 and Barlett test significant (p