Lipofibromatosis: A Rare Diagnosis on Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology

Abstract

Lipofibromatosis is a recently recognized slow growing rare pediatric tumor. Paucity of its cytological description in the literature leads to its preoperative misdiagnosis and further incomplete management. A twelve-month-old female presented with a rapidly progressive mass in the rightthigh and buttock region. On examination, the mass was huge and involved the medial, posterior and lateral aspects of the thigh. The cytologicalsmears showed mature adipocytes with few spindled out cells. FNA was reported as a lipoma, corroborating with the radiological presumptivediagnosis. However, histopathological and immunohistochemical features favoured a diagnosis of Lipofibromatosis. The cytological smears werereviewed and a cyto-histo correlation was established. The diagnosis of Lipofibromatosis rests upon classical cytological features in a clinicallyand radiologically suggestive picture. An early and accurate diagnosis if established can help the surgeon plan excision with wider margins asincomplete excision is associated with a high rate of recurrence.