The anti proliferative effects of rosemary oil on keratinocyte cell line, HaCaT

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the action of rosemary oil on the immortalized keratinocyte cell line. Samples of Rosmarinusofficinalis that were growing uncultivated in central Turkey were harvested during flowering in May 2016. The rosemary oil was obtainedby the hydrodistillation of the dried ground material in a Clevenger-like apparatus. Human cells from the immortalized nontumorigenickeratinocyte cell line were seeded at a concentration of 5000 cells/well on 96 well plates. Cell viability was measured at the 24, 48, and72 h. Five different doses of 1.25% to 20% Rosmarinus officinalis oil, 20% DMSO (for toxic examination), and 1 negative control wereprepared. Highly significant differences were found between the doses (P < 0.01) as well as at different time points (P < 0.01).That is tosay that at 72 h, the results for mean ± SD cell vitalities for doses of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, DMSO 20%, and the control were 0.099 ± 0.018,0.077 ± 0.008, 0.038 ± 0.011, 0.022 ± 0.005, 0.011 ± 0.000, 0.009 ± 0.000, and 0.174 ± 0.011, respectively. There was a significant decreasein the mean vitality from baseline (3.4%) to 48 h (2.0%) followed by a substantial increase at 72 h (6.1%) (P < 0.01). This study showsthat rosemary oil used in cell culture inhibits cell proliferation, which might be via the apoptotic pathway. We concluded that rosemaryoil at a concentration of 1.25% may help the organism to inhibit excessive cell proliferation in tissues covered with keratinocytes, whichmay contribute to a healthy digestive system by stopping excessive cell proliferation and may be utilized in both animal feed and humannutrition, via the apoptotic pathway.