The potential of Salvia officinalis as a suppressor of cell proliferation in animal feed and human nutrition: an experimental study

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the in vitro cytotoxic activities of Salvia officinalis (sage) oil on human immortalizedkeratinocyte (HaCaT) cell lines by using an [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide] (MTT) cytotoxicity assayafter the Salvia officinalis oil administration in different doses and time-points. In vitro cytotoxic activities of Salvia officinalis oil onHaCaT cell lines were assessed, and MTT assays were used to determine cell viability. The HaCaT cells (100 μL) were cultured in 96-well plates at 2 × 104 cells per well and treated with different concentrations of Salvia officinalis oil (25 μM, 50 μM, 100 μM, 150 μM,and 200 μM) for durations of 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell death was determined by collecting and staining with 0.4% Trypan blue for 5 minat room temperature before microscopic examination. At 24 h, there was a significant difference between the 25 and 200 μM doses (P= 0.034). For the 72 h Salvia officinalis oil application, there was a significant difference between the 50 and 200 μM doses only (P =0.002). On the other hand, for 48 h Salvia officinalis application, there were significant differences between 25 and 150 μM, 25 and 200μM, 50 and 150 μM, 50 and 200 μM, 100 and 150 μM, and 100 and 200 μM doses (P = 0.003, P = 0.000, P = 0.005, P = 0.001, P = 0.028,and P = 0.003, respectively). We concluded that Salvia officinalis oil may help the living organism to have a healthy digestive system bystopping excessive cell proliferation via the apoptotic pathway in the gastrointestinal system and, thus, may be used in both animal feedand human nutrition.