Identification and genetic characterization of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 genotype c strain isolated from cattle in western China

Abstract

Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) is a leading respiratory pathogen of cattle and is often implicated as a causativepathogen of bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC). Three genotypes (BPIV3a c) have been tentatively classified based ongenetic and phylogenetic analyses. A BPIV3c isolate, designated NX49, was isolated using the Madin-Darby bovine kidney cell culturefrom cattle in western China, where feedlot cattle with severe respiratory disease symptoms were observed. Hemagglutination assaydemonstrated that NX49 had low agglutination activity against guinea pig erythrocytes, whereas SD0835, the first BPIV3c strainreported in China, showed high agglutination activity. Phylogenic analysis indicated that NX49 shared 99.3% whole genome identitywith SD0835 and 97.5% 98% similarity with BPIV3c strains isolated from Japan, South Korea, and the United States. NX49 also showed82.5% nucleotide similarity with NM09, a BPIV3a strain isolated from China. These data suggest that the BPIV3c strains circulating inChina are conserved. Moreover, BPIV3a and BPIV3c might concomitantly circulate in feedlot cattle for long durations in China. Furthercharacterizing of such viruses and continued surveillance may help to prevent BRDC caused by BPIV3 and aid in vaccine development.