Different effect of smoking on genders in Crohn's disease

Abstract

Background/Aims: Smoking is a well-established environmental risk factor in Crohn's disease (CD). The study was aimed to investigate possible gender differences in the effect of smoking on the course of CD, with a special focus on selected immune parameters such as Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines and regulatory T cells (Tregs).Materials and Methods: A group of 55 adults with CD was enrolled to the study. The analysis of clinical, demographic and immunological characteristics of patients was performed according to their smoking status and gender. Values were considered significant when p