Structural, surface morphological, optical and electrical properties of InxSey thin films, an absorber layer for photovoltaic cells fabricated by M-CBD method using different variables

Abstract

Mixed-phased $In_x Se_y$ thin film containing InSe, $In_2 Se_3$ and $In_6 Se_7$ phases was prepared by M-CBD method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, AFM, optical spectroscopy and J-V measurements. Structural, optical and electrical conductance properties were modified by annealing the films at different temperatures. Optical and morphological properties were also investigated dependently on temperature and concentration of cationic precursor solution. It has been observed with annealing that, the compositions of the phases changed, particle sizes increased, energy band gaps decreased and electrical conductivity increased. The photoconductivity of thin film was revealed by J-V measurements and slightly increased by annealing. From temperature-dependent J-V measurements, activation energies $(E_a )$ were calculated in low and high temperature regions and, found to be 0.03 eV for low temperature region and 0.8 eV for high temperature one.