Box–Behnken design for removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solution using poly(ethylene glycol) based dicationic ionic liquid impregnated chitosan

Abstract

Poly(ethylene glycol) bis(methylimidazolium) di[bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide] was synthesized as an ionicliquid and impregnated onto chitosan. The removal of uranium(VI) ions from aqueous solution was investigated withbatch sorption tests using ionic liquid impregnated chitosan. Response surface methodology based on 3 level Box–Behnken design was applied to analyze the effect of initial pH (4–6), initial concentration (20–60 mg $L^{-1}$), contact time(15–105 min), and temperature (30–50 °C) on the uptake capacity of uranium(VI). Main effect of initial concentration,quadratic effect of contact time, and dual effect of initial pH and contact time were found statistically significant basedon analysis of variance (ANOVA). Probability F-value (F = 1.49 ×$10^{-6}$) and correlation coefficient ($R^{2}$ = 0.96) pointout that the proposed model is compatible with experimental data. The maximum uptake capacity of uranium(VI) wasfound as 28.48 mg $g^{-1}$at initial pH 4, initial concentration 60 mg $L^{-1}$, contact time of 70 min, and a temperature of 50°C. Sorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model and Freundlich model was obtained to fit the sorption data.The presence of competing ions slightly reduced uranium(VI) sorption and the selectivity order can be given as $UO_2^{2+}$ >$Zn^{2+}$ >$Ni{2+}$ .