Phytochemical Evaluation of Morus alba Seeds and Cold Pressed Oil

Abstract

This study has focused on Morus alba, which is grown in Turkey mostly for the productionof fruit. M. alba seeds’ analysis results showed that oil, protein, ash, ash insoluble in hydrochloric acid,and total carbohydrate were, 21.33±0.58 g, 21.58±0.13 g, 3.99±0.13 g, 0.9±0.00 g, 54.76±2.42 gfor 100 g of sample respectively; the main minerals were calcium, phosphorus, and potassium.Dominating fatty acids were linoleic acid (80.56±0.22%), palmitic acid (7.96±0.06%), oleic acid(7.11±0.05%). The primary volatiles were l-limonene, 2,2-dimethyldecane, and hexanal. Sterolcomponents were found as beta-sitosterol>delta-5-avenasterol>campesterol>cholestenol and the totalsterols’ amount was 5501.49±44.26 mg/kg. δ-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, α-tocopherol,total phenolic content, the radical scavenging activity were 257.67±4.51 mg/kg, 18.23±0.11 mg/kg,6.71±0.13 mg/kg, 3.23±0.06 mg/kg, 137.1±0.36 mgGAE/100 g oil, 19.9±0.46% respectively. Otherproperties were free fatty acid (1.55±0.89% oleic acid), peroxide value (3.23±0.55 meq O2/kg of oil),p-anisidine value (1.18±0.55) and refractive index (40 °C) (1.4687±0.00). As a result, M. alba seedsand oil along with its fatty acid, tocopherol, sterol and mineral composition can be used as nutritionalsupplements.