Salvadora persica Extract-laden Jellyfish Collagen Hybrid Constructs for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration

Abstract

Considerable effort in the field of periodontal tissue engineering has been expended in theconstruction of advanced biomatrix for the treatment of periodontal diseases caused by poor oralhygiene, malnutrition, genetic factors, and systemic disorders. With these in mind, the ultimate goalof this investigation is to fabricate sophisticated scaffolds using jellyfish collagen (JC) and aqueousSalvadora persica (Miswak) extracts. Rhizostoma pulmo species JC was isolated and characterized indepth. Miswak was extracted using two different methods. The extraction yield was calculated to be14.2 ± 0.9% and 17.1 ± 0.4% for Methods I and II, respectively. Gas chromatography-massspectroscopy (GC-MS) results revealed the extract to be composed of 1,8-cineole (49.3%), benzylnitrile (36.2%), benzyl isothiocyanate (5.9%), limonene (2.4%), eugenol (0.8%), and palmitic acid(0.3%). Total phenolic content and antioxidant capacities of the extracts were also determined byspectrophotometric means. Human periodontal ligament fibroblast cells were isolated and expanded.Cell viability on JC and miswak extract-laden JC scaffolds was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay. Microarchitectures of the JC, 0.05 and 0.1%miswak extract-laden JC scaffolds and also cellular behaviors on these surfaces were evaluated byscanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. This study suggests that miswak extract-laden JCscaffolds would present new opportunities for periodontal tissue engineering.