Total phenolic content, cyclooxygenases, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase inhibitory and DPPH radical scavenging effects of Cornus sanguinea leaves and fruits

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate total phenolic content and biological effects of methanolextracts from Cornus sanguinea L. leaves (LME) and fruits (FME). Total phenolic contents, COX-1/COX-2, α-glucosidase, AChE, tyrosinase inhibitory and DPPH radical scavenging effects of both extracts were investigated byusing spectrophotometric methods. The total phenolic contents of LME and FME were determined as 191.14 ± 4.84and 31.51 ± 2.68 mg GAE/g dry weight, respectively. LME inhibited COX-1 enzyme 70.71 ± 1.88% and 79.38 ± 0.92%at 50 and 100 μg/mL. LME had higher COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory effects than that of FME. LME inhibited α-glucosidase stronger than positive control, acarbose. On the other hand, both extracts showed lower AChE inhibitionactions compared to positive control, galantamine. Moreover, LME had higher tyrosinase inhibitory effect than FME.Both extracts scavenged DPPH radical in a concentration-dependent manner. Also, LME had stronger scavengingeffect than that of FME. To our knowledge, current work is the first report on tyrosinase, AChE, as well as COX-1inhibitory properties of C. sanguinea. These results suggested that LME of C. sanguinea have a promising potential forthe treatment of several disorders but further studies are needed to support the this assumption.