Clinical and EEG findings in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Hulki FORTA, Destina YALÇIN, Çağatay ÖNCEL, Bülent OFLAZOĞLU, Fatma ÖZTÜRK

Özet

Bu çalışmada, jüvenil miyoklonik epilepsili 61 hasta (38 K, 23 E) klinik ve EEG bulguları ile retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir.Hastaların hepsinin miyoklonik jerki, 54’nün jeneralize tonik-klonik nöbeti, 20’sinin absans nöbeti, 35 hastanın hem miyoklonik jerk hem jeneralize tonik-klonik nöbetleri vardı. Absans nöbetleri 19 hastada miyoklonik jerk ve jeneralize tonik-klonik nöbet ile beraberdi, bir hastada ise sadece miyoklonik jerk ile beraberdi. Altı hastanın sadece miyoklonik jerki vardı. Miyoklonik status 2 hastada izlendi. Yirmi hastanın 21 epilepsili aile üyesi vardı. EEG bulguları; 56 hastada jeneralize, genellikle düzensiz multidiken ve dalga veya diken ve dalga deşarjları şeklinde idi, bu hastaların 40 tedavisizdi, 16’sı tedavi altında idi. Dokuz hastada fokal bulgu saptandı. (14.7 %). Aralıklı fotik stimülasyon esnasında 6 hastada fotokonvulziv cevap saptandı. Düzenli takibe gelen 42 hastada sadece valproat tedavisi ile bütün nöbet tiplerinin sıklığında belirgin düzelme gözlendi.

Abstract

In this study juvenile myoclonic epilepsy patients were evaluated retrospectively in terms of their clinical and EEG findings. Sixtyone patients (38 females, 23 males) were evaluated. All patients had myoclonic jerks, 54 patients had generalized tonic-clonic seizures and 20 patients had absences. Thirtyfive patients had both myoclonic jerks and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Absence seizures were associated with myoclonic jerks and generalized tonic-clonic seizures in 19 patients and only with myoclonic jerks in one patient. Six patients had only myoclonic jerks. Myoclonic status was determined in two cases. Twenty patients had 21 relatives with epilepsy. EEG findings were as follows: generalized, usually irregular polyspike and wave or spike and wave discharges were recorded in 56 cases, 40 of them were without treatment and 16 under treatment. In nine patients focal abnormalities were found (14.7 %). Photoconvulsive response during intermittant photic stimulation were detected only in six patients. Fortytwo patients with regular visits showed considerable improvement in frequency of all seizure types on valproate treatment alone.