QUALITY OF SOME SPRING WATERS IN ISTANBUL

Özet

This article aims to determine the quality of spring waters in İstanbul and the convenience of thesewaters to human consumption. In order to evaluate spring waters in İstanbul in terms of the water quality, firstlylabels of the bottled spring waters have been collected and studied, and general geological and environmental circumstancesof İstanbul have been determined. In the year of 2011, there exist 53 bottled spring water producers inİstanbul. The indicator parameters on label informations of the bottled spring waters are compared with drinkingand spring water limit values of WHO (2006), EPA (2009), EU (1998), TSE (2005) and Yönetmelik (2005), and itis seen that 22 of 53 spring waters exceed the limit values in terms of some parameters (Mn, Cl, SO4, pH, Fe, Aland NH4). It is observed that 40 of the springs emerge from sedimentary rocks, 9 from metamorphic rocks and 4from volcanic rocks. SO4 ion in spring waters in Çatalca emerging from metamorphic rocks, and Mn and Cl ions inspring waters in Eyüp and Şile emerging from sedimentary rocks generally are over the limit values. Moreover, pHvalue of some spring waters in Şile and Çatalca generally are under the limit values (<6,5). In addition, drainageareas of these springs are mostly covered by forests, while 16 springs are close to urban areas. It is the sedimentaryrocks that spring waters in İstanbul where are mostly procured from and parameters which are over limit values aredetermined mostly in these waters. Therefore, the geology of the drainage areas of Hisar Water in Kemerburgaz andKuvars Water in Maltepe whose aquifers are sedimentary rocks such as the Trakya and Aydos Formations have beeninvestigated and chemical evaluation of the waters are conducted. In these investigations, quantities of heavy metalsexceeding limit values and possibly having toxic effect have not been determined in the spring waters. However,possible increase of Fe, Mn, Al ions from weathering zones of the sandstone and graywackes of Trakya Formationin the drainage area of Hisar Water and possible increase of Fe ion from the limonite zones in fractures of the quartzarenites of Aydos Formation in the drainage area of Kuvars Water depending upon seasonal variations should betaken into consideration.