Deep Transfer Learning and Majority Voting Approaches for Osteoporosis Classification

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass density and deterioration of the micro-architectural structure of the bone tissue, increasing bone fragility, and the probability of fracture. In this study, we propose a non-invasive method for osteoporosis classification using X-ray images (plain radiographs) of the ankle. Convolutional Neural Networks along with Data Augmentation techniques and Deep Transfer Learning Architectures are combined to classify X-ray images of healthy and osteoporotic patients. The proposed approach achieved an accuracy of 99% using ResNet50, and 100% with GoogleNet.