Novel case of anti-synthetase syndrome

Abstract

Anti-synthetase syndrome (AS) is a heterogeneous group of systemic autoimmune diseases associ-ated with anti-aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases. These inflammatory myopathies present with aconstellation of symptoms including myositis, arthritis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, and interstitial lungdisease (ILD). We present a novel case of a 44-year-old female, who presented with Anti-OJ AS withsevere myopathy and rhabdomyolysis without evidence of ILD, which, in our literature review and tothe best of our knowledge, has not been previously reported. Furthermore, our patient was initiallymisdiagnosed, highlighting the paucity of cases and physicians’ unfamiliarity with this disease. Afterher diagnosis was confirmed, the patient was successfully treated with high-dose steroids and tran-sitioned to azathioprine, and she continues to do well. This case report emphasizes a novel presen-tation of the rarely diagnosed AS. We also discuss the significant overlap between the inflammatorymyopathies and consolidate relevant pathophysiology and current trends in the management of thisdisease.