Percutaneous Muscular Ventricular Septal Defect Closure with 2D Transthoracic Echocardiography: Can We Sufficiently Visualize It?

Abstract

Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is one of the most common congenital heart diseases worldwide today.Although the majority close spontaneously, transcatheter VSD closure is a common option for symptomaticpatients with suitable anatomy in adult age. Although transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and intracardiac echocardiography are the most common imaging modalities for the procedure, in patients with poorTEE images, Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) can be used as a reliable alternative. Here we present anadult patient with pulmonary hypertension associated with a muscular VSD which was closed percutaneouslyusing 2-dimensional TTE because of poor TEE images