Palynomorphological Studies on some Asperula and Galium (Rubiaceae) Taxa

The Synthesis, Characterization and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives as Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor

Özet

In this research, the genera Asperula L., Galium L.; Asperula xylorrhiza Nábelek (siirt belumotu), Asperula orientalis Boiss. & Hohen. (gökçe belumotu), Asperula arvensis L. (tarla belumotu), Galium humifusum M.Bieb. (çimen iplikçiği), Galium consanguineum Boiss. (altın iplikçik), Galium incanum L. subsp. elatius (Boiss.) Ehrend.(gür iplikçik), Galium consanguineum Boiss. (altın iplikçik), Galium mite Boiss. & Hohen. (süpürge iplikçiği), Galium spurium L. subsp. spurium (arsız iplikçik) of the family Rubiaceae, have been studied in terms of palynological properties. Examples of these taxa were collected in the field studies. 9 taxa light microscopy (IM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) belonging to this family were studied. As a result of this study some common traits of the taxa found out such as pollen the tectum is perforated, apertures type is zonocolpate.

Abstract

In this study, the synthesis, characterization of novel 1,2,3-triazole compounds (4 and 5), investigation of their in vitro inhibition effects on xanthine oxidase and molecular docking studies were carried out. For this purpose, firstly; the target products (4 and 5) were synthesized by various chemical transformations starting from butadiene sulfone. All of the synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods. In the second step; in vitro inhibition effects of compounds 4 and 5 on xanthine oxidase were investigated. According to the enzyme inhibition results, It was determined that compounds 4 (IC50 = 0.609 µM) and 5 (IC50 = 0.901 µM) showed stronger inhibition effect than allopurinol (IC50 = 1.143 µM), which is used as a drug for inhibition of xanthine oxidase. Finally, the binding modes of compounds 4 and 5 in the active part of xanthine oxidase (PDB ID:3NVY) were explained by molecular docking studies.