In vitro androgenesis in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and theaffecting factors on success: II. Carbohydrate source andantioxidants

Abstract

Microspore cells develop into male gametophytes, which are released as pollen. Undercertain stress conditions, the developmental pathway of microspores can betransformed into an embryo instead of pollen with haploid technology. In thisexperiment, 2 pepper breeding lines (G-1 and G-2) and 4 nutrient media formed withMurashige & Skoog (1962-MS) + 30 g L-1 sucrose or maltose and with or withoutvitamins as antioxidants. 0.05 mg L-1 biotin (vitamin B7) and 0.5 mg L-1 ascorbic acid(vitamin C) were studied as antioxidants. The anthers were pretreated for 2 days at 35ºC in dark, then they were incubated in a climate chamber at 25 ºC and 16/8 hoursphotoperiodic conditions. The highest embryos rate, and development of embryosinto the plantlet has been obtained from the medium containing maltose, andantioxidants. Although there was no significant differences between genotypes inmedium- I (MS + sucrose), medium-II (MS + sucrose and antioxidants) and medium-III(MS + maltose) in terms of embryogenic response, a significant difference wasdetermined between genotypes in medium-IV (MS + maltose and antioxidants). Thenumber of embryos obtained from the G-1 in medium-IV has increased 2.5, 6.4, and4.5 times, compared to the medium-I, medium-II, and medium-III respectively