Pilonidal disease specimens of 905 patients revealed no malignancy, however we still insist on histopathological examination

Abstract

Aim: Pilonidal disease presents with acute abscess, sinuses, pits and scarring in the sacrococcygeal region. Surgical intervention isone of the treatment options of pilonidal disease. However, it has been a matter of debate, whether histological analysis of surgicallyresected pilonidal disease specimens would be necessary.Material and Methods: Medical records of the patients with pilonidal disease who underwent either primary excision and closureor modified Limberg flap surgery were reviewed retrospectively. The results of the histopathological examination of the pilonidaldisease specimens were evaluated.Results: This study included 905 patients (686 male and 219 female) with pilonidal disease who were treated with surgicalintervention. The mean age of the patients was 23.96±7.5 years. All surgically excised pilonidal disease specimens of the patientswere histopathologically evaluated in order to rule out malignancy. No malignancy was detected.Conclusion: We conducted a Pubmed search with the term “pilonidal” between January 2000 and March 2019. We identified 91patients with malignant degeneration arising on pilonidal disease in the English medical literature. The most common pilonidaldisease associated malignancy was squamous cell carcinoma. Even it is rare, malignancy may accompany pilonidal disease.Therefore, even we have not encountered any malignancy in 905 patients with pilonidal disease, we still insist on histopathologicalexamination of all surgically resected pilonidal disease specimens in order to rule out malignancy.