Conservative, interventional and regenerative methods in chronic pain management

Abstract

Pain is a complex condition that affects an individual physically, mentally and socially and in which clinicians find it difficult tocope. In particular, the impact of chronic pain on patients’ lives can range from small restrictions to complete loss of independence.Therefore, there are many applications for improving the quality of life of individual and controlling the pain. In recent years, a betterunderstanding of the physiological and chemical mechanisms involved in chronic pain has gained pain management many newtreatment methods. These are starting from non-invasive treatment methods such as physiotherapy, manual therapy, emotionaltherapy, and progressing to more invasive methods such as spinal cord stimulation and deep brain stimulation. Although currentadvances have taken effective steps in chronic pain control, more comprehensive research is needed on the effectiveness of thesetreatments and in which situations they are used in coping with pain. In this review, we aimed to summarize current conservative andinterventional multidisciplinary methods and special treatment methods used in chronic pain management and to guide cliniciansin cope with pain.