Comparative Analysis of Using Bone Graft, Hydroxyapatite Coralline (Biocoral®) and Porous Polyethylene (Medpor®) Implants for Cranioplasty in a Rat Model of Cranial Bone Defect

Özet

AIM: To compare the efficacy of bone graft, hydroxyapatite coralline (Biocoral®), and porous polyethylene (Medpor®) implants forcranioplasty in a rat model of cranial bone defects.MATERIAL and METHODS: Two parietal bone defects were created in each of 16 male Sprague–Dawley rats. One was repairedwith a bone graft using bone removed from the contralateral defect, and the other was filled with either Medpor® or Biocoral® (eachn=8, with the repair on the left in four and the right in the other four). The rats were sacrificed at either 4 or 8 weeks, and implantstability, volumetric changes, and histological parameters were compared between the three materials.RESULTS: At 8 weeks, scores for bone formation (p=0.003), healing of the defects (p=0.008), and material resorption (p=0.010)were higher for the bone grafts than for Biocoral® and Medpor®, whereas the fibrosis scores were significantly higher for Medpor®and Biocoral® than for the bone grafts (p=0.004). The other parameters were similar between the three materials at 8 weeks, exceptfor significantly higher inflammatory cell infiltration with Medpor® than with Biocoral® and bone grafts (p=0.005).CONCLUSION: Implant stability scores were similar for the three implant materials. However, there was better bone formation andhealing of the defects with bone grafts, a lower risk of resorption and greater fibrosis induction with Medpor® and Biocoral®, andless volumetric reduction with Medpor®.