PCDD/Fs in soil and air and their possible sources in the vicinity of municipal solid waste incinerators in northeastern China

Özet

Fly ash, flue gas, ambient air, and soil samples were collected to investigate concentrations, profiles, gaseparticle partitioning, and airesoil exchange of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs) in the vicinity of two municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) in Harbin in northeasternChina. The PCDD/F concentrations were 11 600e12 300 pg g1 (597e615 pg WHO-TEQ g1) in fly ash and873e1120 fg m3 (51.2e61.9 fg WHO-TEQ m3) in air. The results of gaseparticle partitioning possiblyindicated the equilibrium state of PCDD/F during sampling period. For soil samples, both Enzyme-linkedimmuno-sorbent assay (ELISA) and high-resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry(HRGC/HRMS) were used. Significant correlations between the results from these two methodsindicated that both methods are useful for PCDD/Fs analysis in soil. PCDD/Fs concentrations in soilsamples ranged from 17.2 to 157 pg g1 (0.59e8.81 pg WHO-TEQ g1). Both Principal ComponentAnalysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) suggested the sources of the emission fromMSWIs and the historical emission from a petroleum refinery to PCDD/Fs in adjacent soils. The airesoilexchange analysis showed a net flux of PCDD/F from air to soil at all soil-sampling sites