Spatial distribution of health risks associated with PM2.5in Turkey and Iranusing satellite and ground observations

Özet

PM2.5originated from anthropogenic or natural sources is still a problem worldwide and highly associated withhealth impacts. In this study, mortality associated with PM2.5was calculated using satellite retrievals and groundobservations for Turkey and Iran. A high-resolution population dataset along with high resolution satellite-derived PM2.5estimations (all compositions and dust and sea-salt removed) developed from aerosol opticaldepth (AOD) data were used. Health risk estimations attributable to PM2.5from ischemic heart disease and lungcancer along with all causes were calculated by applying the cause-specific mortality rates for Turkey and Iranfor the year 2016. According to dust and sea-salt removed satellite-derived PM2.5, mortality estimations of 36967in Turkey and 34491 in Iran were estimated by all causes. Meanwhile, estimations of 40583 in Turkey and 34153in Iran were found using ground PM2.5observations for provinces with monitoring stations. Province-basedestimations were obtained with better spatially resolved PM2.5concentrations. Estimations using ground ob-servations were higher than ones using satellite-derived PM2.5for Turkey, but similar for Iran, even withoutnational coverage. However, estimations with all composition satellite-based PM2.5were significantly higher inIran than Turkey. Values estimated in this study were found to be higher than global studies for both countries.