Microwave-assisted preparation of graphene quantum dots immobilized nanosilica as an efficient heterogeneous nanocatalyst for the synthesis of xanthenes

Özet

Abstract: Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) immobilized nanosilica was prepared under microwave irradiated green reaction conditions and was used as an efficient heterogeneous acid catalyst. The structure of nano-catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, PL, TEM, XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, TGA, and zeta potential. Xanthene derivatives were synthesized in excellent yields using the freshly prepared catalyst and the catalyst could be easily recovered and recycled for 5 times without significant loss of its catalytic activity. The structures of the resulted products were confirmed by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectroscopic techniques.