HPV Vaccines: Current Status

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, and the main cause is HumanPapillomavirus infection. Human Papillomavirus vaccines have had dramatic impacts on the prevalenceof targeted Human Papillomavirus types (6,11,16 and 18), genital warts and precancerous cervical lesions. The World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have confirmedthe safety of Human Papillomavirus vaccines after >250 million doses were administered worldwide.World Health Organization approved the two-dose-schedule of Human Papillomavirus vaccines in females younger than 15 years of age, with ≥6 month intervals. Extension of vaccination to men could further reduce the population prevalence of Human Papillomavirus and provide direct protection of menagainst genital warts and anal, penile and oropharyngeal cancers. Txhe nine-valent HumanPapillomavirus vaccine has demonstrated equivalent protection against the four types in the quadrivalent vaccine and high efficacy against the next five commonest causes of cervical cancer (HumanPapillomavirus types 31,33,45,52 and 58). The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends the nine-valent vaccine and it has been approved by the FDA in 2014 for both genders between11-12 years of age