ZAMAN YÖNETİMİ BECERİLERİ İLE BİREYSEL PERFORMANS ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ: SİVİL HAVACILIK SEKTÖRÜNDE GÖREV YAPAN PİLOTLAR ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TIME MANAGEMENT SKILLS AND INDIVIDUAL PERFORMANCE: A RESEARCH ON THE PILOTS WORKING IN CIVIL AVIATION SECTOR

Özet

Bu çalışmada; sivil havacılık sektöründe görev yapan pilotların zaman yönetimi becerilerinin bireysel performanslarına olan etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Havacılık sektöründe yapılan en ufak bir hatanın dahi bedellerinin ağır olması ve bu nedenle de zamanın doğru bir şekilde yönetilmesi gerekliliği araştırmanın önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma, nicel bir çalışma olup nicel araştırma desenlerinden biri olan ‘kesitsel tarama’’ yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada; zaman yönetimi becerileri bağımsız değişkeni oluştururken, görev performansı ve bağlamsal performans boyutlarını içeren bireysel performans ise bağımlı değişkeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma evrenini Türkiye’de sivil havacılık sektöründe istihdam edilen pilotlar oluştururken, örneklemi ise Türkiye Havayolu Pilotları Vakfı üyesi olan 422 pilot oluşturmaktadır. Anket yoluyla elde edilen veriler SPSS 22 istatistik programı ve LISREL 8.8 programı ile analiz edilmiş olup bu kapsamda keşfedici ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri, güvenilirlik analizleri, korelasyon analizleri ve regresyon analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre zaman yönetimi becerilerinin performansı ve performans boyutlarını (görev performansı ve bağlamsal performans) pozitif yönde etkilediği gözlemlenmiştir.

Abstract

1. LITERATURE 1.1. RESEARCH SUBJECT This research investigates the effects of time management skills of the pilots working in civil aviation sector in Turkey on their individual performance. Domestic and foreign literature has limited studies about the aforementioned variables and most of those studies are conducted to investigate the relationship between time management skills of students and trainers in the education field and its influence on their academic performances. It can be understood that there are positive and significant relations between aforementioned variables (Adams and Blair, 2019; Alay and Koçak, 2003; Britton and Tesser, 1991; Erdem et. al., 2005; Mace and Tira, 1999; Tektaş and Tektaş, 2010; Macan and Shahani, 1990; Khan et. al., 2016). In addition to this, in the related literature, positive and significant relations between relevant variables are also found in the researches conducted at a limited number in different sectors (Doğutekin, 2015; Omar et. al., 2017; Sutharshini et. al., 2019; Anbea, 2018; Wilson, 2019). 1.2. RESEARCH PURPOSE AND IMPORTANCE In the profession of the pilot, which is necessary to plan time very well and seconds are of critical importance by its nature, the slightest delay or the smallest mistake can cause disasters. Analytical thinking, being able to work under stress and pressure, being detail-oriented, keeping up with the technology, being agile and dynamic, quick decision making, problem-solving ability, self-discipline, and technical skills have great importance and using these skills timely is crucial. The aim and importance of this study are to determine the relationship between time management skills which have an important role in using the aforementioned skills, within this framework. 2. DESIGN AND METHOD 1.3. CONTRIBUTION of the ARTICLE to the LITERATURE Time management skills of pilots working in aviation sector have great importance in practicing their profession. Nevertheless, the relationship between time management skills of pilots and their performance has not been investigated in domestic and foreign literature before. 2.1. RESEARCH TYPE This research is conducted using quantitative research methods and techniques. The cross-sectional pattern is used in this study which was prepared and conducted. A cross-sectional study is a type of quantitative research conducted by collecting data once from large numbers and relatively large samples in order to demonstrate the views and characteristics of a large number of participants (Cresswell, 2012). 2.2. RESEARCH PROBLEMS The research problem is as follows: Do time management skills of the pilots working in civil aviation sector affect their performance and its subdimensions (task and contextual performance)? 2.3. DATA COLLECTION METHOD In the study, the survey method is used as a data collection tool and this questionnaire comprises three sections. In the first section, 8 questions are measuring the demographic characteristics of the participants. In the second section, the scale developed by Goodman and Svyantek (1999) and adapted into Turkish by Polatcı (2011) is used to measure employee performance. While there are 25 statements in the is removed from the scale by Polatcı (2011) and 2 is removed from the scale by the original scale, 6 authors. In the third part, the 5-dimensional time management skills scale obtained by adapting from the scales in the relevant literature is used to measure the time management skills. Within this scope, Time Management Inventory developed by Pfaff (2000) has been translated to Turkish and 14 statements regarded as irrelevant are removed from the scale. Besides, Time Management Skills Scale containing 31 statements generated by including 7 statements of Time Management Scale developed by Bahçecik et. al. (2004) and 7 statements added to the research by authors are used in the research. The population is composed of the pilots working in civil aviation sector in Turkey. The research sample consists of 422 Turkish Airline Pilots Foundation members with 4501 members in the date range of data collection process. 2.4. QUANTITATIVE / QUALITATI