KURUM/EV ERKEN DİL VE OKURYAZARLIK GÖZLEM ARACININ GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİLİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

STUDY ON THE VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF CHILD/HOME EARLY LANGUAGE AND LITERACY OBSERVATION TOLL

Özet

Bakım ve eğitim veren erken çocukluk eğitim merkezlerinde çocukların gelişimini desteklemek için, onların barış dolu, sağlıklı ve başarılı bir yaşama sahip olması için gereken temelleri atar. Ancak, ülkemizde 0-36 ay bakım ve eğitim veren kurumlarının kaliteleri ve çalışan personelin niteliklerinin arttırılmasına yönelik çalışmaların sayısı da yok denecek kadar azdır. Bu araştırmanın amacı CHELLO (Child/Home Early Language&Literacy Observation) yani 'Kurum/Ev Erken Dil ve Okuryazarlık Gözlem Aracı'nı Türkçeye uyarlamaktır. Bu ölçek 0-36 ay eğitim ortamlarının okuma yazma ve dil boyutlarını incelemek üzere Neuman, Dwyer ve Koh tarafından geliştirilmiştir. Bu araştırmada, geçerlik-güvenirliğini ortaya koymak amacıyla betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmış ve 51 sınıf gözlemlenmiştir. Nitelikli yapılandırılmış, amaca uygun bir gözlem formu kullanılmış ve gözlem tekniğiyle veriler toplanmıştır. Kapsam geçerlik indeksi Okuryazarlık Çevre Kontrol alt faktörü için 0.88; kapsam geçerlik indeksi Grup/Aile alt faktörü için 0.75 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Cronbach Alfa güvenirlik değeri Grup/Aile alt faktörü için iç tutarlılığın .87; Okuryazarlık Çevre Kontrol alt faktörü içinse iç tutarlılığın .72 olduğu görülmüştür. Alt faktörler arasındaki ilişki Pearson momentler çarpım korelasyon katsayısı ile incelenmiş ve yüksek derecede pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür (r =.76, p<.05). Alt faktörlere göre güvenilirlik katsayıları, her alt boyuta ait puanlayıcı güvenilirliği değerleri .99 ve 1 olarak elde edilmiştir. Yapılan geçerlik-güvenirlik çalışması sonuçlarına göre Türkçeye uyarlaması yapılan CHELLO ölçeği geçerli ve güvenilirdir

Abstract

The centers providing care and education together to enhance all development aspects of the child and to enable the child to have a peaceful, healthy, successful life; which are preschools, day care centers, nursery schools draw attention. There is almost no study which aims at increasing the qualities of the institutions providing care and education for the children at 0-36th months and of their personnel in Turkey. The aim of this study is to adapt CHELLO (Child/Home Early Language & Literacy Observation) Tool into Turkish. This tool is developed by Neuman, Dwyer and Koh and used to rate the language and literacy dimensions of learning environments. During the study which was carried out with the descriptive survey model, 51 classes were observed. A structured observation form fit for purpose was utilized and data were collected with the observation method. The content validity ratio was found to be 0.88 for the literacy environment control sub-factor; 0.75 for group/family sub-factor. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability value showed high internal consistency for the group/family sub-factor as .87; and .72 for the literacy environment control subfactor. The correlation between the sub-factors was studied with Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and a high level positive significant correlation was found (r =.76, p .05). The relation between the Group/Family sub-factor and the Literacy Environment control sub-factor of the Child/Home Early Language and Literacy Observation Tool was analyzed with the Pearson product- moment correlation coefficient and a high level of positive significant relation between the two sub-factors has been found (r = .76, p .05). The relation between the types of schools and the levels of total quality assessment of literacy environment was analyzed with chi-square test and no significant relation between the types of schools and the levels of total quality assessment of literacy environment could be found as a result (χ2 = 4.040; p > .05). The scale is valid and reliable by the results yielded from validity-reliability study which was conducted in 51 classes with 439 children at care and education institutions in Eskişehir sample with Child/Home Early Language and Literacy Observation Tool used in the study. Recommendations: A validity and reliability study of Child/Home Early Language and Literacy Observation Tool was conducted within Eskişehir sample. A norm study of the scale can be carried out in Turkey universe. As for the future studies, the internal consistency and validity of the scale can be tested on different study groups in a city other than Eskişehir. As this tool can be used to analyze also the home literacy environments during early childhood new studies can be conducted with such variables as socioeconomic status of the families, income levels. It can form a basis to develop new measuring tools which will analyze literacy skills during early childhood. The relation between the literacy environment of the children and their creativities, psychomotor, social and emotional developments can be analyzed. The Child/Home Early Language and Literacy Observation Tool can be used for new studies in the fields of tutoring, primary school, speech and language pathologies, medicine, guidance and counseling, education and health managements. This scale can be used as a guide for supporting such spontaneous literacy skills as book selecting, intraclass literacy skills, material use at care and education institutions and homes and for creating proper environments and for the trainings on creating more conscious environment