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AI InsightWe also determined that U-II levels were low in diabetic patients with good CCD, while those with poor CCD had higher levels of U-II.
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Abstract
Introduction and Aim Coronary collateral circulation consists of vascular channels activated to maintain perfusion in major epicardial coronary arteries in severe stenosis or occlusion. Yet, coronary collateral development (CCD) in diabetic patients was previously proven to be poor. Urotesin-II (U-II) is famous for being the most potent vasoconstrictor agent, and plasma levels are known to elevate in diabetic patients and play an important role in diabetic complications. In this study, we inquired about the link between U-II levels and the development of coronary collaterals between diabetic and non-diabetic patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods We recruited 31 diabetic and 30 non-diabetic patients with 95% or more coronary artery stenosis or occlusion and considered Rentrop’s classification for grading collaterals. In this sense, while Rentrop grades 0-1 are regarded as poor CCD, Rentrop grades 2-3 correspond to well-developed collaterals. Moreover, we compared the patients’ serum levels of U-II by the degree of CCD. Findings The findings revealed that demographic characteristics did not significantly differ between the groups (p > 0.05). Although CCD seemed worse in diabetic patients than those without diabetes (DM), the finding was not statistically significant. However, the diabetic patients had significantly higher U-II levels than non-diabetic patients (388.1 ± 314.2 vs. 229,8 ± 216,9, p = 0.026). Despite not being significant, U-II levels were higher in patients with poor CCD than those with well-developed collaterals in the non-diabetic group (370,6 ± 298; 178,6 ± 158,3, p = 0, 2). In the diabetic group, on the other hand, U-II levels were significantly higher in patients with poor CCD and significantly lower in patients with good CCD (582.7 ± 316.4 and 180.4 ± 121.6, respectively; p < 0.0001 for both). Conclusion Overall, our findings demonstrated a significant association between U-II levels and the development of coronary collateral circulation in patients with DM. We also determined that U-II levels were low in diabetic patients with good CCD, while those with poor CCD had higher levels of U-II.