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Dergiler / Türk Coğrafya Dergisi / 2022 / Sayı: 81

Kıyı ekosistemlerinde ekolojik riskin zamansal değişiminin izlenmesi: Edremit Lagünü (Balıkesir) örneği

Monitoring the temporal change of ecological risk in coastal ecosystems: The case of Edremit Lagoon, (Balıkesir, Türkiye)

Dilek Aykır(ARDAHAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ, ARDAHAN İNSANİ BİLİMLER VE EDEBİYAT FAKÜLTESİ)0000-0002-2748-4055
Şakir Fural(KIRŞEHİR AHİ EVRAN ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0002-1603-2424
Serkan Kükrer(İZMİR KATİP ÇELEBİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0001-6924-3199
Yunus Emre Mutlu(SAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-0421-4535
Sayfa
103–114
Yayın Tarihi
2022-12-31
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

Ancak, son yıllarda yapılan bilimsel araştırmalar lagün ekosistemlerinin antropojenik etkiler nedeniyle ekolojik risk sorunları yaşadığını göstermektedir.

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Amaç & Hipotez:Kıyı oku gibi bir kum bariyeri ile denizden ayrılmış sığ su kütlesi olan lagünler, son derece zengin ve hassas ekosistemlerdir.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Ancak, son yıllarda yapılan bilimsel araştırmalar lagün ekosistemlerinin antropojenik etkiler nedeniyle ekolojik risk sorunları yaşadığını göstermektedir.
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Sonuç & Katkı:Bu nedenle; Hg, As, Mn’nin lagün ekosistemine deşarjının sınırlandırılması için gerekli önlemlerin alınması önerilmektedir.
🔬Tür:Laboratuvar & Saha Deneyi
📍Kapsam:1 adet
⚙️Değişkenler:Kıyı ekosistemi · Ekolojik risk · Toksik risk

Özet

Kıyı oku gibi bir kum bariyeri ile denizden ayrılmış sığ su kütlesi olan lagünler, son derece zengin ve hassas ekosistemlerdir. Ancak, son yıllarda yapılan bilimsel araştırmalar lagün ekosistemlerinin antropojenik etkiler nedeniyle ekolojik risk sorunları yaşadığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; Edremit ilçesi (Balıkesir, Türkiye) sınırlarında yer alan Edremit Lagünü’nde potansiyel toksik element (PTE) kaynaklı ekolojik risk seviyesinin zamansal değişimini analiz etmektir. Çalışma kapsamında; lagünden 1 adet 28 cm uzunluğunda karot alınmıştır. Sediment örnekleri kullanılarak klorofil bozunma ürünleri, toplam organik karbon ve PTE konsantrasyonları analiz edilmiştir. Zenginleşme faktörü ve jeoakümülasyon indeksi ile PTE’lerin doğal-antropojenik kaynakları tespit edilmiştir. Modifiye ekolojik risk indeksi ve modifiye potansiyel ekolojik risk indeksiyle ekolojik risk seviyesi belirlenmiştir. Toksik risk seviyesi toksik risk indeksi ile analiz edilmiştir. PTE’lerin muhtemel kaynakları çok değişkenli istatistiksel analizlerle belirlenmiş, Arc – Map 10.5 yazılımıyla haritalama işlemleri yapılmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında elde edilen bulgulara göre; Mo ve Mn dışında hiçbir PTE zenginleşmemiştir. Cd hariç hiçbir PTE ekolojik risk yaratmamaktadır. Lagünde düşük seviyede ekolojik ve toksik risk bulunmaktadır. Hg, As ve Mn gelecekte ekolojik ve toksik riski arttırabilecek PTE’ler olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu nedenle; Hg, As, Mn’nin lagün ekosistemine deşarjının sınırlandırılması için gerekli önlemlerin alınması önerilmektedir.

Abstract

Lagoons, which a shallow body of water separated from the sea by a sand barrier, such as a coastal arrow, are extremely rich and sensitive ecosystems. However, recent scientific studies show that lagoon ecosystems undergo ecological risk problems due to anthropogenic effects. This study aimed to analyze the temporal variation of the ecological risk level caused by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in Edremit Lagoon located in the borders of Edremit district (Balıkesir, Türkiye). A 28-cm core was taken from the lagoon. Chlorophyll degradation products, total organic carbon and PTE concentrations were analyzed using sediment samples. The natural-anthropogenic sources of PTEs were determined by the enrichment factor and the geoaccumulation index. The ecological risk level was determined with the modified ecological risk index and the modified potential ecological risk index. Toxic risk level was analyzed by toxic risk index. PTE’s possible sources were determined by multivariate statistical analysis and mapping was done with Arc – Map 10.5 software. According to the findings, no PTE was enriched except for Mo and Mn. No PTE was found to pose an ecological risk except for Cd. A low level of ecological and toxic risk existed in the lagoon. Hg, As and Mn have been identified as the PTEs that may increase ecological and toxic risk in the future. Therefore, it is recommended to take necessary measures to limit the discharge of Hg, As, Mn into the lagoon ecosystem.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Aykır, D., Fural, Ş., Kükrer, S., Mutlu, Y. E. (2022). Kıyı ekosistemlerinde ekolojik riskin zamansal değişiminin izlenmesi: Edremit Lagünü (Balıkesir) örneği. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, Sayı: 81, 103–114. https://doi.org/10.17211/tcd.1196255

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