Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the anterior mediastinum

Abstract

A 53 years old female patient with inflammatory type malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the anterior mediastinum, presenting with complete destruction of the sternum and anterior margin of the ribs is reported. Mediastinum is an unusual site for this tumor, however not exceptional. Mediastinal magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the invasion of the vena cava which obviated surgical treatment. CHOP chemotherapy was commenced. Reevaluation of the patient after two courses of chemotherapy demonstrated a partial response and radiotherapy was started. The histologic nature of the tumor and this unusual localization may cause a misdiagnosis if adequate biopsy specimens are not obtained.