Increased frequency of sister chromatid exchange and mitotic index in women using oral contraceptives

Abstract

! OBJECTIVE: In this study, we tried to investigate acute mutagenic effects of monophasic oral j contraceptives in standard doses on sister chromatid exchange and Mitotic index. i STUDY DESING: 35 women using oral contraceptives for three months were included into the study. I They were given 0,03 mg of ethinyl estradiol and 0,3 mg of norgestrel continuously for three weeks i and 75 mg ferrous for the fourth week. Sister chromatid exchange and mitotic index frequencies were recorded from peripheral blood leucocytes in a blinded fashion. RESULTS: Frequencies determined at the end of the third month were significantly increased (p<0.001). These rates reclined to normal level in three months with the witdrawal of the contraceptive pills. CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that estrogen and progesteron or their metabolites in standard- dose oral contraceptives, might have a potential reversible mutagenic effect on cell-division and DNA and this effect lasts for some time after the pills have been stopped. Having a baby after a period of contraception with hormonal contraceptives may require considering a interval time of a few months. (Gynecol Obstet Reprod Med 1997; 3:439-441)