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Dergiler / InTraders Uluslararası Ticaret Akademik Dergisi / 2026 / Volume: 9 Issue: Special Issue Special Issue

Regional Development and Economic Co-operation Dynamics: The Case of Azerbaijan and the Caspian Countries

Agabala Mukhtarov(ISTANBUL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF ECONOMICS, DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS)0009-0008-8855-0029
Niyazi Gümüş(NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY, TURKISH MILITARY ACADEMY)0000-0002-3928-6937
Fuad Selamzade(Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Sağlık Yönetimi Bölümü)0000-0002-2436-8948
Jalal Baghirov(Department of Economic and Technological Sciences, Azerbaijan State University of Economics)0009-0003-6860-6447
Sayfa
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Yayın Tarihi
2026-10-28
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⚡ TL;DR(1 Cümlede Hızlı Çıkarım)

It highlights the asymmetric, fragile, and externally dependent nature of regional trade relations and offers policy-relevant insights regarding regional economic integration, trade diversification, and strategic co-operation among Caspian countries.

📌 3 Maddede Bu Makale

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Amaç & Hipotez:This study investigates the trade intensity relationships between Azerbaijan and the Caspian littoral countries—Iran, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Russia—during the period 2006–2024.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:The Russia–Ukraine war and subsequent Western sanctions redirected Russia’s trade orientation toward neighboring regional partners, increasing Russia’s economic engagement with Azerbaijan and strengthening Azerbaijan’s strategic role in regional trade networks.
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Sonuç & Katkı:It highlights the asymmetric, fragile, and externally dependent nature of regional trade relations and offers policy-relevant insights regarding regional economic integration, trade diversification, and strategic co-operation among Caspian countries.
🔬Tür:Research Article
📍Kapsam:2006–2024 Verileri
⚙️Değişkenler:Shocks · economic integration · trade intensity

Abstract

This study investigates the trade intensity relationships between Azerbaijan and the Caspian littoral countries—Iran, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Russia—during the period 2006–2024. The main purpose of the study is to present a descriptive analysis of the historical trends in the bilateral trade relations of countries in the Caspian region. The study employs the Trade Intensity Index (TII) as the primary methodological framework to measure the relative strength and direction of bilateral trade flows between Azerbaijan and its regional partners over time. The findings reveal that Azerbaijan’s trade intensity with the Caspian littoral countries is highly sensitive to global economic shocks and geopolitical developments. The Russia–Ukraine war and subsequent Western sanctions redirected Russia’s trade orientation toward neighboring regional partners, increasing Russia’s economic engagement with Azerbaijan and strengthening Azerbaijan’s strategic role in regional trade networks. By contrast, bilateral trade with Iran was constrained by international sanctions, while Turkmenistan’s highly centralized and closed economic system led to fluctuating trade dynamics largely driven by the energy sector. Although Kazakhstan possesses a relatively more open economic system, its trade intensity with Azerbaijan remained limited throughout the study period. By analyzing recent changes in trade intensity across the Caspian Basin as a whole, this study provides new empirical evidence of the role played by geopolitical tensions and external shocks in shaping regional trade relations. It highlights the asymmetric, fragile, and externally dependent nature of regional trade relations and offers policy-relevant insights regarding regional economic integration, trade diversification, and strategic co-operation among Caspian countries.

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Mukhtarov, A., Gümüş, N., Selamzade, F., Baghirov, J. (2026). Regional Development and Economic Co-operation Dynamics: The Case of Azerbaijan and the Caspian Countries. InTraders Uluslararası Ticaret Akademik Dergisi, Volume: 9 Issue: Special Issue Special Issue. https://doi.org/10.55065/intraders.1954907

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