Dergiler / Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research / 2026 / Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1

Koi (Cyprinus carpio carpio) Balığından İzole Edilen Nocardia takedensis’in Genom Temelli Karakterizasyonu: Yeni Konak Bildirimi

Genome-based Characterization of Nocardia takedensis Isolated from Koi (Cyprinus carpio carpio): A Novel Host Report

Halil İbrahim Adigüzel(ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0009-0000-4979-0507
Cansu Aktaş(ONDOKUZ MAYIS ÜNİVERSİTESİ)0000-0003-3869-870X
Esra Demirbaş(ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY)0000-0002-3708-0804
Izzet Burcin Saticioglu(Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi)0000-0002-2721-3204
Ertan Emek Onuk(ONDOKUZ MAYIS UNIVERSITY)0000-0001-7643-046X
Sayfa
32–43
Yayın Tarihi
2026-06-11
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Analizler sonucunda 8,96 Mb büyüklüğündeki genomun, N. takedensis tip suşu ile %86,6 dDDH ve %99,18 ortalama nükleotid kimliği temelinde hesaplanan nükleotid benzerliği (ANIb) gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

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Amaç & Hipotez:Çevresel bir izolat olarak tanımlanan ve zamanla fırsatçı bir insan patojeni olarak değerlendirilmeye başlanan Nocardia takedensis ’in balıklardan izole edildiğine dair bugüne kadar literatürde herhangi bir bulguya rastlanmamıştır.
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Temel Bulgular & Veri:Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de tatlı su süs balığı olan koi ( Cyprinus carpio carpio ) balığından izole edilen N. takedensis NTD01 izolatının Oxford Nanopore teknolojisi kullanılarak genom temelli ilk moleküler karakterizasyonunu gerçekleştirmektir.
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Sonuç & Katkı:Analizler sonucunda 8,96 Mb büyüklüğündeki genomun, N. takedensis tip suşu ile %86,6 dDDH ve %99,18 ortalama nükleotid kimliği temelinde hesaplanan nükleotid benzerliği (ANIb) gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.
🔬Tür:Laboratuvar & Saha Deneyi
📍Kapsam:Genişletilmiş Akademik Örneklem
⚙️Değişkenler:Cyprinus carpio carpio · Nocardia takedensis · süs balığı

Özet

Çevresel bir izolat olarak tanımlanan ve zamanla fırsatçı bir insan patojeni olarak değerlendirilmeye başlanan Nocardia takedensis ’in balıklardan izole edildiğine dair bugüne kadar literatürde herhangi bir bulguya rastlanmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de tatlı su süs balığı olan koi ( Cyprinus carpio carpio ) balığından izole edilen N. takedensis NTD01 izolatının Oxford Nanopore teknolojisi kullanılarak genom temelli ilk moleküler karakterizasyonunu gerçekleştirmektir. Elde edilen uzun okuma verileri Flye algoritması ile de novo olarak birleştirilmiş, taksonomik doğrulama dijital DNA-DNA hibridizasyonu (dDDH) ve ortalama nükleotid kimliği (ANI) analizleriyle yapılmıştır. İzolatın olası virülansla ilişkili özellikleri ve direnç profili, kapsamlı Antibiyotik Direnç Veri Tabanı (CARD), Virülens Faktörleri Veri Tabanı (VFDB) ve Antibiyotik ve Sekonder Metabolit Analiz Aracı (antiSMASH) kullanılarak genotipik düzeyde incelenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda 8,96 Mb büyüklüğündeki genomun, N. takedensis tip suşu ile %86,6 dDDH ve %99,18 ortalama nükleotid kimliği temelinde hesaplanan nükleotid benzerliği (ANIb) gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Genomda rifamisin ve glikopeptid direnciyle ilişkili dört antimikrobiyal direnç geni saptanırken, klasik virülens faktörlerine rastlanmamıştır. Buna karşın, demir kazanımında rol oynayan nocobactin benzeri metallofor kümeleri de dahil olmak üzere 33 biyosentetik gen kümesi (BGC) belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma, bilgimiz dahilinde, bir koi balığından N. takedensis ’in izolasyonunu ve genom temelli karakterizasyonunu belgeleyen ilk rapordur. Bununla birlikte, bu türün sucul ortamlardaki ekolojik dağılımını, patojenik önemini ve potansiyel konak ilişkisini netleştirmek için daha kapsamlı sürveyans çalışmaları ve deneysel araştırmalar gereklidir.

Abstract

Nocardia takedensis , defined as an environmental isolate and increasingly recognized as an opportunistic human pathogen, has no prior record in the literature regarding its isolation from fish. The aim of this study is to perform the first genome-based molecular characterization of the N. takedensis isolate NTD01, isolated from a koi carp ( Cyprinus carpio carpio ), a freshwater ornamental fish, in Türkiye, using Oxford Nanopore technology. The obtained long-read data were assembled de novo using the Flye algorithm, and taxonomic validation was performed through digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analyses. The putative virulence-associated features and resistance profile of the isolate were examined at the genotypic level using the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD), Virulence Factors Database (VFDB), and the Antibiotics and Secondary Metabolite Analysis SHell (antiSMASH). The analyses revealed that the 8.96 Mb genome exhibited a nucleotide similarity (ANIb) of 99.18% and a dDDH value of 86.6% with the N. takedensis type strain. While four antimicrobial resistance genes associated with rifamycin and glycopeptide resistance were identified in the genome, no classical virulence factors were detected. In contrast, 33 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) were identified, including nocobactin-like metallophore clusters involved in iron acquisition. Consequently, this study represents, to the best of our knowledge, the first report documenting the isolation and genome-based characterization of N. takedensis from koi fish. However, broader surveillance studies and experimental investigations are required to clarify the ecological distribution, pathogenic significance, and potential host association of this species in aquatic environments

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Bu Makaleye Atıf Yap

Adigüzel, H. İ., Aktaş, C., Hancı, İ., Demirbaş, E., Saticioglu, I. B., Onuk, E. E. (2026). Koi (Cyprinus carpio carpio) Balığından İzole Edilen Nocardia takedensis’in Genom Temelli Karakterizasyonu: Yeni Konak Bildirimi. Journal of Limnology and Freshwater Fisheries Research, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 1, 32–43. https://doi.org/10.17216/limnofish.1943705

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